Condition for condensation from adiabatic expansion

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the conditions for condensation during adiabatic expansion, specifically addressing part (c) of a homework problem. Key equations include the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, $$\frac{dp}{dT} = \frac{L}{T\Delta V}$$, and the relationship between pressure and temperature in the p-T plane, $$\ln\bigg(\frac{p}{p_0}\bigg) = \frac{C_{p_{vap}}}{R}\ln T$$. The participant is attempting to derive a condition for the intersection of the liquid-vapor phase coexistence curve and the adiabatic expansion curve, ultimately leading to the equation $$\frac{L_0}{T} + C_{p_{liq}}\ln T = 0$$. The challenge lies in determining the necessary conditions for this intersection and ensuring the algebra is correct.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation
  • Familiarity with adiabatic processes in thermodynamics
  • Knowledge of phase coexistence curves
  • Basic calculus for manipulating differential equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and applications of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation
  • Explore the principles of adiabatic expansion in thermodynamic systems
  • Investigate the concept of phase transitions and coexistence curves
  • Learn about the implications of entropy in thermodynamic processes
USEFUL FOR

Students studying thermodynamics, particularly those focusing on phase transitions and adiabatic processes, as well as educators looking to clarify these concepts in a classroom setting.

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Homework Statement


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I'm stuck on part (c) of this question.

Homework Equations


$$T\frac{d}{dT}\bigg(\frac{L}{T}\bigg) \equiv \frac{dL}{dT} - \frac{L}{T}.$$
Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
$$ \frac{dp}{dT} = \frac{L}{T\Delta V} \approx \frac{L}{TV_{vap}}.$$

The Attempt at a Solution


My approach has been to find the equations for the adiabatic expansion in the p-T plane, given by
$$\ln\bigg(\frac{p}{p_0}\bigg) = \frac{C_{p_{vap}}}{R}\ln T$$
and the equation for the liquid-vapour phase coexistence curve, given by
$$\ln\bigg(\frac{p}{p_0}\bigg) = -\frac{L_0}{RT} + \frac{\Delta C_p}{R}\ln T.$$
Then for condensation to occur, the curves need to intersect (I can worry about the inequality later). This gives $$\frac{L_0}{T} + C_{p_{liq}}\ln T = 0.$$

Try as I might, I can't seem to turn this into the answer they want. I also don't see how any condition on intersection can be formed by considering the gradients. Is there something important I've missed/a slip in my algebra?
 
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I would start (c) by doing the following:
$$dS=\left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial T}\right)_PdT+\left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial P}\right)_TdP$$
So, at constant entropy,
$$dS=\left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial T}\right)_PdT+\left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial P}\right)_TdP=0$$
I would also use: $$\left(\frac{\partial S}{\partial P}\right)_T=-\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial T}\right)_P$$
 

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