Confusion about gravitational potential

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the concept of gravitational potential energy and its dependence on the chosen reference point. The confusion arises from the misconception that setting the gravitational potential energy to zero at a certain height implies zero total energy, which contradicts the conservation of energy principle. The key takeaway is that only changes in potential energy are physically relevant, not the absolute values. The analogy of measuring height emphasizes that motion and energy are determined by differences rather than fixed values.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy
  • Familiarity with the conservation of energy principle
  • Basic knowledge of kinetic energy (K) and potential energy (U)
  • Concept of reference points in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of gravitational potential energy in depth
  • Explore the conservation of energy in various physical systems
  • Learn about reference frames and their impact on energy calculations
  • Investigate the relationship between kinetic energy and potential energy in pendulum motion
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Students of physics, educators teaching introductory mechanics, and anyone seeking to clarify concepts of energy and motion in classical physics.

ShayanJ
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I thought I know introductory physics well but now I'm confused about simple things!
Imagine a pendulum. Its released from rest from a height. We take that height to be the zero level of the gravitational potential. But that means its total energy is zero at the beginning and because of the conservation of energy its going to remain zero and so there is no motion. But if we choose another height as the origin, then the energy is non-zero and there is motion. But what happens shouldn't depend on our choices. What am I missing here?
 
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Recall that it is only changes-in-potential energy that are physically relevant (not the values themselves).
Today, I made the analogy that the position of your head (as read by a vertical meterstick) is not a physically meaningful measurement of your height. Instead, it is the change-in-position from your feet to your head.

"Zero Mechanical Energy" doesn't mean "no motion" (K=0 and delta-K=0)... it means that K+U=0.
If (delta-E)=0, then (delta-K)= - (delta-U).
 

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