Delta potential in classical mechanics

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the application of Dirac delta function potential in classical mechanics, specifically represented as ##V(x) = A\delta (x-x_0)##. It explores the implications of approximating this potential with a Gaussian function, ##V(x) = Ae^{-k(x-x_0)^2}##, and the resulting behavior of a particle with varying kinetic energy. The conclusions drawn indicate that a particle can either surpass the barrier, remain in unstable equilibrium, or bounce back depending on its kinetic energy relative to the potential barrier. The analysis confirms that classical mechanics does not allow tunneling, as a particle cannot cross a barrier exceeding its kinetic energy.

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  • Understanding of Dirac delta functions in quantum mechanics
  • Familiarity with Gaussian functions and their properties
  • Knowledge of classical mechanics principles, particularly energy conservation
  • Basic concepts of kinetic energy and potential energy interactions
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This discussion is beneficial for physicists, students of classical and quantum mechanics, and anyone interested in the mathematical modeling of potential energy barriers and particle dynamics.

hilbert2
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In quantum mechanics, there exist some systems where the potential energy of some particle is a Dirac delta function of position: ##V(x) = A\delta (x-x_0 )##, where ##A## is a constant with proper dimensions.

Is there any classical mechanics application of this? It would seem that if I approximate the delta with a Gaussian of nonzero width

##V(x) = Ae^{-k(x-x_0 )^2}##,

then a particle coming from the left with velocity ##v## could either

1. Have enough kinetic energy to get over the barrier and continue to right with same velocity ##v##

2. Have exactly the right amount of kinetic energy to get on the top of the barrier and stay there in unstable equilibrium

3. Have less kinetic energy than needed to get over the barrier and bounce back, returning to the left direction with velocity ##-v##.

Here I'm assuming that ##A>0##. Is there any reason why this wouldn't also hold when ##A\rightarrow\infty## and ##k\rightarrow\infty## ?
 
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In the latter situation only 3. would apply and hold. No tunneling in classical mechanics.
 
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Ok, now I got it - the classical particle can't cross a barrier higher than its kinetic energy, no matter how narrow the barrier is.
 

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