Density of electrons in a metal (electricity)

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves calculating the density of free electrons in a metallic wire given its diameter, current, and drift velocity. The subject area pertains to electricity and the behavior of charge carriers in conductive materials.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to apply the equation relating current, charge density, and drift velocity but expresses confusion about the relationship between the number of electrons per unit volume and density. Some participants suggest that the calculated value of 'n' represents the density of free electrons.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants exploring the interpretation of the calculated value and questioning the dimensional analysis of the variable 'n'. There is no explicit consensus on the understanding of the relationship between the number of electrons and density.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating the definitions and relationships within the context of the problem, particularly how to derive density from the number of free electrons per unit volume. There is an emphasis on understanding the underlying physics rather than reaching a final answer.

Talz1994
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Homework Statement


A metallic wire has a diameter of 4.12mm. When the current in the wire is 8.00 A, the drift velocity is 5.40 10^-5 m/s

What is the density of free electrons in the metal?
Express your answer numerically in m^-3 to two significant figures.

Homework Equations


I=nqv(drift)a, where I is current, a is cross sectional area, v(drift) is the drift velocity, n is the number of charged particles per unit volume (i.e., the concentration of charged particles), and q is the magnitude of the charge on a charge carrier.

The Attempt at a Solution


This really confused me, but here's the equation that was given as a hint for the question when asked:
I=nqv(drift)a :where I is current, a is cross sectional area, v(drift) is the drift velocity, n is the number of charged particles per unit volume (i.e., the concentration of charged particles), and q is the magnitude of the charge on a charge carrier.

this is another hint given to question when asked:
Recall the definition of current as the net charge flowing through a given cross-sectional area per unit time. If you express the net charge flowing through the area in terms of the concentration of the charge carriers per unit volume, you will find that the current depends on the concentration and charge of the charged particles, as well as on the magnitude of their drift velocity. Recall that in metals the charge carriers are free electrons.

I really don't understand this question, can somebody please walk me through it? step by step,

i rearranged the equation
I/Avq=n
n=6.945314735*10^28

what do i do next, how am i supposed to find density from number of electrons :@
 
Physics news on Phys.org
You already found the number of free electrons pr unit volume, which i think is the density.
 
seriously i have? how?
 
What is the dimensions of 'n' in the formula you used. Can you evalute its dimensions using dimensional analysis?
 

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