Derivation step in ODE solution in textbook

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the derivation of the solution for the ordinary differential equation (ODE) given by y'' + 2y^{-3} = 0, leading to the expression y' = ±√(2(c_1 + 1/y^2)). The author employs a change of variable and suggests multiplying through by y' and integrating directly, which is a non-standard approach. The intermediate steps involve recognizing that y''y' = -2y^{-3}y' can be integrated to yield y'²/2 = y^{-2} + c_1 + c_2. The omission of the ± sign in the textbook is noted as a critical error.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
  • Familiarity with integration techniques, particularly integration by parts
  • Knowledge of the chain and product rules of differentiation
  • Basic concepts of variable substitution in differential equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of integrating factors in ODEs
  • Learn about the change of variables technique in solving differential equations
  • Explore the implications of the ± sign in solutions of differential equations
  • Review the derivation of energy conservation principles in mechanical systems
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Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those studying differential equations, as well as researchers and practitioners in fields requiring ODE solutions, such as physics and engineering.

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This is not homework but is part of the solution process of an ODE and I cannot understand how the author made a derivation step. After a change of variable in the original ODE, the ODE in the new independent variable has a standard method of solution. But instead of using this method, the author takes a shortcut but the exact steps are skipped and I cannot reproduce the transition on my own.

Homework Statement



How do we go from: y'' + 2y^{-3} = 0 to: y' = \sqrt{2(c_1 + 1/y^2)} ?

The only hint given by the author is: "...but in this case we can multiply through by y' and integrate directly to obtain..."

Homework Equations



N/A

The Attempt at a Solution



I tried myltiplying through by y' and integrating both sides by parts but that gave me nothing I could use to go further.. I cannot even get back the first eq. by differentiating the second..
 
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Think about the chain and product rule of integration. If I say more, it's more or less the solution ;-)).

BTW: The textbook is incomplete! In front of the square root should be a \pm sign!
 
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Thanks vanhees71! Your comment helped
So the intermediate steps are:

<br /> y&#039;&#039;y&#039; = -2y^{-3}y&#039; \implies y&#039;&#039;y&#039; = \frac{d(y^-2)}{dt} \implies \int{y&#039;&#039;y&#039;}dt = y^{-2} + c1<br />
<br /> \implies \frac{y&#039;^{2}}{2} = y^{-2} + c1 + c2 \implies y&#039; = \pm \sqrt{2(c + y^{-2})}<br />
 

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