An ideal conductor is a material that allows electric charges to move freely without any resistance. In other words, it has infinite conductivity and zero resistivity. In reality, no material can be a perfect conductor, but some materials such as metals come close to being ideal conductors.
The electric field outside an ideal conductor can be derived using Gauss's Law. This law states that the electric field passing through a closed surface is equal to the total charge enclosed by that surface divided by the permittivity of the medium. By applying this law to a closed surface surrounding an ideal conductor, we can determine the electric field outside the conductor.
The direction of the electric field outside an ideal conductor is always perpendicular to the surface of the conductor. This is because the charges in an ideal conductor are free to move and will always arrange themselves in such a way that the electric field inside the conductor is zero. Therefore, the electric field outside the conductor is directed away from the surface.
No, the shape or size of an ideal conductor does not affect the electric field outside. This is because the electric field outside the conductor is determined by the total charge enclosed by a closed surface surrounding the conductor, not the shape or size of the conductor itself.
No, the electric field outside an ideal conductor is not always zero. It is only zero in electrostatic equilibrium, meaning there is no net movement of charges. If there is a changing electric field or a non-uniform charge distribution, then the electric field outside the conductor will not be zero.
