Design an audio power amplifier

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around designing a 6W audio power amplifier suitable for portable speakers. Participants explore various amplifier classes, circuit designs, and components, while addressing the challenges of interfacing with smartphone audio outputs.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant mentions the uncertainty regarding the output voltage of a smartphone headphone jack and seeks clarification.
  • Another suggests using integrated circuits (ICs) for a compact 6W amplifier design, while a participant expresses interest in designing a push-pull amplifier instead.
  • Concerns about cross-over distortion in Class B amplifiers are raised, along with questions about the necessity of a preamplifier stage before the power amplifier.
  • Participants discuss the role of specific transistors in the circuit, particularly Q2 as a driver for the output stage.
  • There is a discussion about the appropriate use of operational amplifiers (OpAmps) as preamplifiers and the need to ensure they can handle the required output amplitudes.
  • Questions arise regarding the connection of OpAmps when using battery supplies, particularly in relation to single and dual rail configurations.
  • A participant seeks to understand the output characteristics of a smartphone headphone connector to determine the necessary gain for driving an 8-ohm speaker at 6-8 watts.
  • There is a suggestion to use a potentiometer to vary the gain, but concerns are raised about whether this would provide sufficient gain for the application.
  • One participant shares a link to an analysis of the 3.5mm audio jack output, indicating that smartphone outputs typically have gain control.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying opinions on the necessity of a preamplifier and the design complexity of push-pull amplifiers. There is no consensus on the optimal approach for interfacing with smartphone outputs or the specifics of gain requirements.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge limitations in their understanding of smartphone audio output specifications and the implications for amplifier design. There are unresolved questions regarding the exact output voltage levels from smartphone headphone jacks.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in audio electronics, amplifier design, and those looking to build portable audio solutions may find this discussion beneficial.

  • #31
davenn said:
yes that is OK, the reg's in that circuit were just a progression for if a well regulated supply was needed ... feeding IC's for example
Thanks
 
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  • #32
This amp IC (in the attachment) , is expected to deliver around 8W to an 8ohm load. That means the rms output would be 8v.

1) looking at the circuit, the gain must be decided by the 150k & 4.7k divider, which gives a gain of ~30. (Am I right?)
I learned the headphone jack has a max output of 1v rms. This means the output of the amp would be 15v at half input. This exceeds the figure given by the amp manufacturer. Am I wrong with the gain?

2) What is the use of those diodes going from the output to the supply? Are they a kind of protection? Do I need to incorporate them compulsarily?

Thanks.
 
  • #33
The amplifier :
 

Attachments

  • 1448852167101.jpg
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  • #34
PhysicoRaj said:
1) looking at the circuit, the gain must be decided by the 150k & 4.7k divider, which gives a gain of ~30. (Am I right?)
I learned the headphone jack has a max output of 1v rms. This means the output of the amp would be 15v at half input. This exceeds the figure given by the amp manufacturer. Am I wrong with the gain?

so you can adjust those resistor values to give a useable gain
Also I think I mentioned in an earlier post, you should have a volume control in the input for gain adjustment so that you don't overdrive the input to the IC and cause distortion

PhysicoRaj said:
2) What is the use of those diodes going from the output to the supply? Are they a kind of protection? Do I need to incorporate them compulsarily?

these diodes are for the protection of the IC from voltage spikes on the output
Note for a single rail PSU, as you are using, here is a valid connection for them ...

TDA2030.gif


also note, this chip is capable of around 12-14W for a 4 Ohm load and up to 18W for a 8 Ohm loadDave
 
  • #35
Thanks. I am worried about the output because I have to run my 8ohm speaker at 8w, without knowing what the amp is ousting at the moment.. (can't measure the output on my DMM since it's not a sine). I'll have to play with the volume control and gain, and hope my load won't smoke off.
Is there a way to know the output?
 
  • #36
PhysicoRaj said:
Is there a way to know the output?

audio wattmeter
oscilloscope
measure the voltage across a known load resistor ( 8 Ohm)Dave
 
  • #37
PhysicoRaj said:
Is there a way to know the output?
Depends on how accurate you need to be, what response you require, etc. Not sure what your goal is.

For example, you could build a true RMS detector with a threshold comparator and an LED, or add a VU meter, or just detect high output peaks, or whatever.
 
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  • #38
Thanks! I downloaded a 1kHz sine beep. I'll play it in a loop and check the rms across the load. Then I hope I can work out the gain etc.
 
  • #39
LOL --- ok, you were just trying to get the gain aprox. correct. I thought you wanted continuous monitoring for some reason.
 
  • #40
:D well it'd be nice if I had some continuous monitoring, but the only thing I have (and could afford to) is a DMM.
It's enough because I just want to know when the amp is at min/max/optimum, so that I can hook up the speakers at the correct operating point.
 
  • #41
PhysicoRaj said:
I just want to know when the amp is at min/max/optimum, so that I can hook up the speakers at the correct operating point.

that sounds a really strange statement

Dave
 
  • #42
davenn said:
that sounds a really strange statement

Dave
I'm not sure if the amp is going to blindly deliver 8w to 8ohms it's a function of input voltage. So to check the limit I'll have to vary both the input (volume control) and the gain, check the output on an 8 Ohm load {not sacrificing my speakers, maybe another old speaker ;)} get it to around 6w undistorted, then connect the speakers. That's what I meant.
 

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