Differential Equation - Springs

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving a differential equation related to a spring system with a spring constant (k) of 100 pounds per foot, subjected to a 1-pound weight. The equation of motion is derived as x(t) = -7.06 + 6.976*cos(6.742t), with the amplitude and period calculated based on the corrected assumptions about the spring's orientation and mass conversion. The participant initially misapplied gravitational force and weight-to-mass conversion, leading to an incorrect setup, which was later rectified to achieve the correct solution.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of differential equations, specifically second-order non-homogeneous equations.
  • Familiarity with spring mechanics and Hooke's Law (Fs = -kx).
  • Knowledge of unit conversion between pounds and kilograms.
  • Basic principles of harmonic motion and oscillation.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of solutions for second-order differential equations.
  • Learn about the applications of Hooke's Law in various mechanical systems.
  • Explore unit conversion techniques in physics, particularly for mass and weight.
  • Investigate the characteristics of harmonic motion, including amplitude and period calculations.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics or engineering, particularly those focusing on mechanics and differential equations, as well as educators looking for practical examples of spring dynamics.

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Homework Statement


A spring with a spring constant k of 100 pounds per foot is loaded with 1-pound weight and brought to equilibrium. It is then stretched an additional 1 inch and released. Find the equation of motion, the amplitude, and the period. Neglect friction.

Find the displacement function x(t)

Homework Equations


Fg = mg
Fs = -kx
Fnet = ma

The Attempt at a Solution


Fnet = Fg + Fs
ma = mg + (-kx)
mx'' = mg + (-kx)
mx'' + kx = mg

Converting Units:
m = 1 kg = 2.2 lbs
g = -9.8 m/s^2 = -32.1 ft/s^2
k = 100 lbs/ft

Solving Second Order Non-Homogeneous DE:
mx'' + kx = mg
2.2x'' + 100x = -70.6

Particular Solution:
Xp = A
X'p = 0
X''p = 0

2.2*0 + 100*A = -70.6
A = -7.06

2.2x'' + 100x = 0
Roots = 0 ± 6.742i

x = -7.06 + C1*cos(6.742t) + C2*sin(6.742t)

Using Conditions:
x = -1 inch or -0.083 feet when t = 0
x' = 0 ft/s when t = 0

-0.083 = -7.06 + C1*cos(0) + C2*sin(0)
-0.083 = -7.06 + C1
C1 = 6.976

x' = -6.742*C1*sin(6.742t) + 6.742*C2*cos(6.742t)
0 = -6.742*C1*sin(0) + 6.742*C2*cos(0)
0 = 6.742*C2
C2 = 0

Final Equation:
x = -7.06 + 6.976*cos(6.742t)

Is this right?
 
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Turns out, I incorrectly assumed the situation pertaining the the spring; the spring is not being hung from the ceiling as I initially presumed, it is set sideways. Thus, gravity is not a force to be considered in this problem. Another problem was that I utilized 1 lb as the mass. However, mass is in terms of grams and I neglected to convert weight to mass. In the end, after correcting these mistakes, I was able to submit the answer on Webwork and got it right.
 
Last edited:

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