Discretized complex exponential

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the properties of discrete complex exponentials, specifically exp(iω0n), where n is an integer. It establishes that only a finite number of distinct complex exponentials exist that are harmonically related to a fundamental frequency ω0. The user illustrates this with an example where cos(π/8 n) and cos(15π/8 n) yield identical outputs due to the periodic nature of cosine functions, as explained by Euler's formula. The user concludes that the identity arises because the frequencies differ by an integer multiple of 2π, confirming their understanding of the underlying mathematical principles.

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  • Understanding of complex exponentials and their properties.
  • Familiarity with Euler's formula and its applications.
  • Basic knowledge of trigonometric functions, particularly cosine.
  • Experience with plotting functions in a mathematical software or programming environment.
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cepheid
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I'm reading that if you have a complex exponential exp(iω0n) where n is in the set of integers, then unlike for the case of a continuous independent variable, the set of complex exponentials that is harmonically-related to this one is finite. I.e. there is only a finite number of distinct complex exponentials that have frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency ω0. This is because if the frequency differs from the fundamental by 2π: then:

exp[i(ω0+2π)n] = exp(i2πn)exp(iω0n) = exp(iω0n).

Then the book I'm reading gives an example figure in which a progression of discrete cosines is plotted, and pairs of them with different frequencies look identical. There is one with frequency π/8 that looks exactly the same as another with frequency 15π/8. But I would have thought that the next identical one should have frequency 17π/8, since that differs from the original by 2π. At first I thought it was a typo in the book, but when I tried plotting them myself, I found that the sequence with frequency 15π/8 is indeed identical to the one with frequency π/8. I cannot understand why this is.

EDIT: I think it might be because for cosine, if:

ω0 = π/8

then

15π/8 = π/8 + 16π/8 - 2π/8

= ω0 + 2π - 2ω0

= -ω0 + 2π

= -(ω0 - 2π)

and a cosine with a frequency given by the above is ALSO the same as cos(ω0n). Is THAT the reason? If so, then I have figured it out, and you can delete this thread.
 
Last edited:
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It's because of Euler's formula:

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Last edited by a moderator:
SteamKing said:
It's because of Euler's formula:

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I'm well aware of Euler's formula. My question was why is cos[(π/8)n] = cos[(15π/8)n] when the aforementioned property of discrete complex exponentials (and by extension cosines) suggests that frequencies that differ by two pi should produce identical sequences? But I think I figured it out (in the edited portion of my post). Thanks anyway.
 
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