Does an ideal fluid have zero surface tension?

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SUMMARY

An ideal fluid is defined as having zero viscosity, which does not inherently imply zero surface tension. Surface tension is influenced by the cohesive forces between molecules, and while an ideal fluid can possess surface tension, it signifies that molecular attraction at the surface is equal to that of the atmosphere. Fluids with low surface tension include Diethyl Ether (17.0), liquid Nitrogen (8.5), and liquid Helium II (0.37), while mercury has a significantly higher surface tension of 487 at 15°C. The relationship between viscosity, cohesive forces, and surface tension is complex, particularly when considering interfaces with vacuums.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of fluid dynamics concepts, specifically ideal fluids
  • Knowledge of surface tension and its measurement
  • Familiarity with cohesive forces in liquids
  • Basic principles of thermodynamics and the Boltzmann equation
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the properties of Diethyl Ether, liquid Nitrogen, and liquid Helium II regarding their surface tension
  • Study the relationship between temperature and surface tension in various fluids
  • Explore the implications of cohesive forces on fluid behavior and surface tension
  • Investigate the stability of interfaces between fluids and vacuums
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in fluid dynamics, physicists studying thermodynamic properties, and chemists interested in the behavior of fluids at molecular levels.

Death eater
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Does ideal fluid have zero surface tension?
What does zero surface tension signify?
 
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Death eater said:
Does ideal fluid have zero surface tension?
The definition of an ideal fluid is only that it has zero viscosity. So it would be allowed to have surface tension and still be considered ideal.
Death eater said:
What does zero surface tension signify?
It would signify that the molecules within the fluid have the same attraction to each other as to the atmosphere at the surface.
Here is a link to the wiki article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

A near-zero surface tension also tends to indicate that the fluid will readily evaporate.
Surface tension decreases as fluid temperature increases.
Fluids with low surface tension include Diethyl Ether (17.0), liquid Nitrogen (8.5), and liquid Helium II (0.37). In contrast, mercury at 15C has a surface tension of 487.
 
Last edited:
.Scott said:
The definition of an ideal fluid is only that it has zero viscosity. So it would be allowed to have surface tension and still be considered ideal.
It would signify that the molecules within the fluid have the same attraction to each other as to the atmosphere at the surface.
Here is a link to the wiki article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_tension

A near-zero surface tension also tends to indicate that the fluid will readily evaporate.
Surface tension decreases as fluid temperature increases.
Fluids with low surface tension include Diethyl Ether (17.0), liquid Nitrogen (8.5), and liquid Helium II (0.37). In contrast, mercury at 15C has a surface tension of 487.
thanks for answer but if viscosity in liquids is the result of cohesive forces and if viscosity is zero then cohesive forces are 0. If the cohesive forces are zero will the surface tension be zero or positive?
 
Note that zero viscosity means that the fluid particles are very strongly coupled, i.e., the mean free path of the fluid particles is 0. It's the limit of the Boltzmann equation, where the distribution function is always the function of local thermal equilibrium, for which the collision term vanishes identically and entropy is maximal and thus conserved (adiabatic changes of state).
 
Death eater said:
thanks for answer but if viscosity in liquids is the result of cohesive forces and if viscosity is zero then cohesive forces are 0. If the cohesive forces are zero will the surface tension be zero or positive?
Unless the surface is an interface to a vacuum, some consideration needs to be given to the fluid above the surface. Then it becomes a comparison between chemical properties of the super fluid and that of the atmospheric fluid. If the interface IS with a vacuum, then we would need to consider whether that is even a stable interface - or if our super fluid will simply fill the vacuum.
 

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