Doppler Effect: Speed Relative to Ground, Source, or Listener?

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Bassel
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hi i just want to ask about the formula of Doppler Effect . The speeds of the listener VL and the source Vs are relative to the ground, source, or listener ?
 
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Bassel said:
hi i just want to ask about the formula of Doppler Effect . The speeds of the listener VL and the source Vs are relative to the ground, source, or listener ?
If the air is stationary relative to the ground (no wind to worry about), then the speeds of the listener and source will be relative to the ground.
 
Neither. It is relative to the air.