Earth Resistance: What Is It & Standard Value w/Refs

[Arifur]

What is Earth resistance? What is the standard value of Earth resistance? Please help me with reference.
Your co operation will be highly appriciated.

 

[FactChecker]

Do you mean "ground resistance" (<5Ω recommended for telecommunications & electronics, <25Ω otherwise)? or "soil resistivity" (varies with moisture and temperature typically from 10 to 1000 Ω-m)? or something else?

For ground resistance, see https://support.fluke.com/find-sales/Download/Asset/2633834_6115_ENG_A_W.PDF.
For soil resistance, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_resistivity