Efficiency of a heat engine in a reversible cycle

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the efficiency of a reversible heat engine operating with an ideal gas characterized by a heat capacity ratio (γ) of 1.4. The engine undergoes three processes: adiabatic expansion from 330°C to 30°C, isothermal compression, and constant volume heating back to the initial temperature. The calculated cycle efficiency is 30%, while the Carnot efficiency for the given temperatures is 50%, leading to a ratio of η/η_Carnot of 0.6. The participants emphasize the importance of understanding the work done during adiabatic and isothermal processes to derive the cycle efficiency accurately.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic cycles and processes
  • Familiarity with the concepts of adiabatic and isothermal processes
  • Knowledge of the ideal gas law and heat capacity ratios
  • Proficiency in calculating efficiencies using thermodynamic equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of work done in adiabatic processes using the formula W = -nR(T_f - T_i)/(γ - 1)
  • Learn about the Carnot cycle and its implications for maximum efficiency in heat engines
  • Explore the relationship between temperature ratios and efficiency in thermodynamic cycles
  • Investigate common mistakes in calculating cycle efficiencies and how to avoid them
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students of thermodynamics, mechanical engineers, and anyone involved in the design or analysis of heat engines and thermodynamic cycles.

JSmith123
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Homework Statement


A heat engine operates in a reversible cycle with the following steps:
282iyop.jpg

(i) An ideal gas characterized by γ = 1.4 expands adiabatically, so that it cools from an initial temperature of 330°C to 30°C.
(ii) It is compressed isothermally until it reaches its initial volume.
(iii) It is then heated at constant volume until it reaches its initial temperature.

Calculate the efficiency of the cycle.
η =

Compare your answer above with the Carnot efficiency that corresponds to these temperatures.
η/η_Carnot =

Homework Equations


η_Carnot = 1 - T_c/T_h


The Attempt at a Solution


The answers are 0.30 and 60%. I know how to get the Carnot efficiency, but I'm not sure how to solve for the first answer. How do you find the efficiency with just 2 temperatures and a heat capacity ratio?
 
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Obviously the carnot eff= 50%

cycle efficiency=Work out/work in

Look first at the adiabatic process.The equation for work is just -n*R*(T_f-T_i)/(Y-1)

You can use the ratios of temperatures and volumes for adiabatic processes to find V_f/V_i that ratio is important because it is the same ratio needed for the isothermal process.

For the isothermal process W=-n*R*T*(V_f/V_i)

The cycle efficiency should be the ratio of isothermal work and adabatic work which is 70%, it should be 30% or 1-.7

There is a mistake somewhere, if some one finds it let me know!
 

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