Electric field and boundary conditions

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the electric field within a spherical capacitor with inner and outer radii a and b, where one half is filled with a dielectric of permittivity ε1 and the other half with permittivity ε2. The total charge on the inner plate is +Q and on the outer plate is -Q. The electric field is derived using boundary conditions, resulting in the expression E = \dfrac{Q}{2\pi\epsilon_0(\epsilon_1+\epsilon_2)}\dfrac{1}{r^2} in radial form, confirming that the displacement field is continuous across the boundary.

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  • Understanding of electric fields and Gauss's law
  • Familiarity with boundary conditions in electromagnetism
  • Knowledge of dielectric materials and their properties
  • Basic vector calculus for electric field representation
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  • Study the derivation of electric fields in spherical coordinates
  • Learn about boundary conditions for electric displacement fields
  • Explore the properties of linear isotropic dielectrics
  • Investigate applications of Gauss's law in complex geometries
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone studying electromagnetism, particularly those focusing on capacitors and electric fields in dielectric materials.

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Homework Statement


One half of the region between the plates of a spherical capacitor of inner and outer radii a and b is filled with a linear isotropic dielectric of permittivity \epsilon_1 and the other half has permittivity \epsilon_2, as shown in the figure. If the inner plate has total charge +Q and the outer plate has total charge -Q, find the field everywhere in the sphere

http://img78.imageshack.us/img78/4120/bndal8.gif


2. The attempt at a solution
Well, this is an old problem and I know the solution of this problem. But it is quite confusing about the boundary condition and the form of the field.

1) Since all charges are located on outer and inner spherical surface, so there is no net charged found in the contact surface, which is illustrated with the normal direction in the figure. According to the boundary condition, we have

D_{2n} - D_{1n} = Q_{inc} = 0

and the electric field along the tangential direction always be continuous, that is

E_{2t} \equiv E_{1t}

I wonder what about the tangential direction of the displacement field? Are they continuous in general?

2) The solution manual tells that according to the boundary, it takes the form of the electric field as of radial-dependent

\vec{E} = \frac{A\vec{r}}{r^3}

I am really confuse about this: how can you tell the field is of this form by boundary condition? or how can you prove the field in this form satisfies all boundary conditions?
 
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Due to the boundary conditions, the electric field will be radially the same in the sphere, hence due to Gausses law we have:

\epsilon_0\epsilon_1 E 2r^2\pi + \epsilon_0\epsilon_2 E 2r^2\pi =Q

So from here we obtain:

E=\dfrac{Q}{2\pi\epsilon_0(\epsilon_1+\epsilon_2)}\dfrac{1}{r^2}

In vector form (since there is only a radial component of the electric field):

\vec{E}=\dfrac{Q}{2\pi\epsilon_0(\epsilon_1+\epsilon_2)}\dfrac{\vec{r}}{r^3}

I hope its clearer noe
 

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