Electric Field of Single-Battery Circuit with Thin/Thick Wires

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the electric field (EF) and electron current (i) in a single-battery circuit with varying wire thicknesses. The circuit consists of a 1.4 V battery, a thick wire with a cross-sectional area of 1.4e-6 m², and a thin wire with a cross-sectional area of 6.4e-8 m². The electron mobility is 6e-4 (m/s)/(V/m), and the electron density is 8e+28 mobile electrons/m³. The calculations reveal that the electric field in the thin wire is 14.8 V/m, and the electron current at location D is approximately 4.5e19 electrons per second.

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  • Understanding of electric fields and current in conductive materials
  • Familiarity with the concepts of electron mobility and density
  • Knowledge of the Loop Rule in circuit analysis
  • Ability to manipulate equations involving area and electric field
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  • Learn about the Loop Rule and its applications in circuit analysis
  • Explore the effects of wire thickness on resistance and current flow
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Homework Statement



19-072-ProblemThinSection.jpg


The circuit shown above consists of a single battery, whose emf is 1.4 V, and three wires made of the same material, but having different cross-sectional areas. Each thick wire has cross-sectional area 1.4e-6 m2, and is 21 cm long. The thin wire has cross-sectional area 6.4e-8 m2, and is 7.5 cm long. In this metal, the electron mobility is 6e-4 (m/s)/(V/m), and there are 8e+28 mobile electrons/m3.

Use the appropriate equation(s), plus the equation relating electron current to electric field, to solve for the factor that goes in the blank below:
EF = ? * EDUse the appropriate equation(s) to calculate the magnitude of ED
ED = ?Use the appropriate equation(s) to calculate the electron current at location D in the steady state

Homework Equations


?

The Attempt at a Solution


Already tried it, and I can't do it. E = emf/L doesn't work here.

I've looked everywhere to try and find equations that can help me solve it, or at least relate the thin and thick wire. My physics book seems to skip this whole section (I'm using a different physics book than my class, which kind of sux for me, but I didn't want to buy another one).
 
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I solved it all on my own. I'll post the solution here so people will know how to do it if they come across it.

i = naME
i = electron current
n = electron density
a = area
M = electron mobility
E = electric field
For the thin and thick wire, the electron current for both of them is constant. So you can put the two together.
nA(thick)ME(thick) = nA(thin)ME(thin)
A(thick)E(thick) = A(thin)E(thin), n and M are constants, too.
E(thick) = [A(thin)/A(thick)]E(thin)
A(thin) = 6.4E-8 m^2
A(thick) = 1.4E-6 m^2
E(thick) = 0.046E(thin)

You have the equation:
0 = 1.4 - EF*0.21 - ED*0.075 - EF*0.21 [Found by applying the Loop Rule]
E(thick) = 0.046E(thin).
So, EF = E(thick) and ED = E(thin) from the diagram. Plug it in.
0 = 1.4 - 2(0.21)(0.046)E(thin)
E(thin) = 14.8 V/M

You have i=naME to find i. So plug that in.
M = 6E-4
n = 8E28
A(thin) = 6.4E-8
E = 14.8
i = (6E-4)(8E28)(6.4E-8)(14.8) = 4.5E19 electrons / second
 
0 = 1.4 - 2(0.21)(0.046)E(thin)
E(thin) = 14.8 V/M

If you solve that you don't get 14.8, your def missing something here!
 

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