Electric Force vector components

Click For Summary

Homework Help Overview

The problem involves calculating the electric force on a 1 nC charge due to other charges in a semicircular arrangement. Participants are tasked with expressing the force as vector components in Newtons.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to apply Coulomb's law and the Pythagorean theorem to find the force components. Some participants question the application of the Pythagorean theorem in their calculations, particularly regarding the relationship between the components of the force.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively recalculating and correcting their previous mistakes. There is recognition of errors in the application of mathematical principles, and some participants express gratitude for guidance received during the discussion.

Contextual Notes

Participants are working under the constraints of homework rules that require them to express their answers in a specific format and to three significant figures. There is an ongoing exploration of the assumptions made regarding the arrangement of the charges and their effects on the net force.

Goldenwind
Messages
145
Reaction score
0
[SOLVED] Electric Force

Homework Statement


http://session.masteringphysics.com/problemAsset/1001926/10/knight_Figure_25_46.jpg

What is the force F on the 1 nC charge at the bottom?
Write your answer as two vector components, separated by a comma. Express each component numerically, in Newtons, to three significant figures.

Homework Equations


F = kq1q2 / r^2
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Sine Law

The Attempt at a Solution


As a reference, the "focus" charge is the 1nC at the bottom.
Note that this appears to be a semicircle. Due to this fact, I conclude that the distance between the focus charge and the -6nC is also 5cm.

Because both 2nC charges have the same charge, distance, and angle with respect to the origin (Focus), I conclude that they cancel each other out along the X axis. They will both push the focus downwards, however there should be no X axis movement. Since the -6nC charge is along the Y axis, I conclude that this charge will not affect the focus' net X force either.

Therefore, F_x = 0

The force given between the 2nC on the left, and the focus, is F = kq1q2 / r^2
Where:
k = 9*10^9
q1 = 1*10^-9 (Focus)
q2 = 2*10^-9 (Leftmost charge)
r = 5cm = 0.05m

F = 0.0000072

Due to Sine Law, the X and Y components of this force are equivalent, since the angle is at 45 degrees.
Sqrt(X^2 + Y^2) = F^2
Sqrt(2Y^2) = F^2
2Y^2 = F^4
Y^2 = (F^4)/2
Y = Sqrt((F^4)/2)
Y = 3.6656415536710623664939771731515 * 10^-11

Since the rightmost charge is identical with respect to the focus, it will put out the same force along the Y axis.

Now to include the -6nC charge. F = kq1q2 / r^2
Where:
k = 9*10^9
q1 = 1*10^-9
q2 = -6*10^-9
r = 0.05

F = -0.0000216

So, the net force on the focus should be:
= "-6nC" + "2nC:Y" + "2nC:Y"
= "-6nC" + 2*"2nC:Y"
= -0.0000216 + 2*3.6656415536710623664939771731515 * 10^-11
= -0.00002159992668716892657875268
Rounded to 3 significant digits is 2.16*10^-5

Expressing answer as asked:
0,2.16*10^-5

This answer is incorrect.
My mistake is where?
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Goldenwind said:
Due to Sine Law, the X and Y components of this force are equivalent, since the angle is at 45 degrees.
Sqrt(X^2 + Y^2) = F^2
That should be:
X^2 + Y^2 = F^2
Sqrt(2Y^2) = F^2
2Y^2 = F^4
Y^2 = (F^4)/2
Y = Sqrt((F^4)/2)
Y = 3.6656415536710623664939771731515 * 10^-11
Redo this.
 
Doc Al said:
That should be:
X^2 + Y^2 = F^2

Redo this.
I just messed up the pythagorean theorem. Holy crap I'm embarassed.
Thank-you.

Recalculating.
 
X^2 + Y^2 = F^2
2Y^2 = F^2
Y^2 = (F^2)/2
Y = Sqrt((F^2)/2)
Y = Sqrt((F^2)/2)
Y = 0.00000509116882454314217568607

...

= "-6nC" + 2*"2nC:Y"
= -0.0000216 + 2*0.00000509116882454314217568607
= -0.0000114176623509137156486278 * 10^-5
Rounded to 3 significant digits is -1.14*10^-5

Expressing answer as asked:
0,1.14*10^-5

This answer is correct.
Thank-you Doc Al :)
 

Similar threads

Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
1K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
12
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K