Estimate the partition function by analyzing a graphic

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The partition function Z is calculated as the sum of all Boltzmann factors, but there is confusion regarding the method used by the author in the graphic analysis. The author focuses on measuring y-values directly from the graph instead of calculating each corresponding x-coordinate, leading to a different approach in estimating the function. This method provides a relative measure rather than the actual Boltzmann factor, which is acceptable since only ratios are needed for normalization. Some terms are missing from the initial sum, which adds to the confusion. Understanding the differences in approach is crucial for clarity in the analysis.
LCSphysicist
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Homework Statement
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1596796127472.png

I am not sure, but since the partition function Z is just the sum of all Boltzmann Factor
1596796184138.png

We can just add:
1596797180297.png

(some terms don't appear in the image, by the way, the estimative is nice, the result is above ANS)

But i didn't understand what the author did:
1596797273294.png


While i didn't even care about the image of the functions (P(s), what he call by height), his resolution is based on it, not only, he talk nothing about the estimative of the exponents (the values on the abscissa), while my resolution is based on it.

What method he used?? Do you understand?
 

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I was confused at first because the first two terms of your sum are missing. What I see starts at ##+e^{-0.7}##.
The author is doing the same as you, but instead of measuring the x coordinates off the graph and computing each y coordinate, he is measuring the y values directly. This gives him cm rather than the actual Boltzmann factor, but he is only interested in ratios of values since it is going to be normalized to a total of 1 anyway.
 
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The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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