Evaporation in 100% relative humidity

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SUMMARY

At 100% relative humidity, water does not evaporate because the air is saturated with moisture, leading to a state of equilibrium between evaporation and condensation. However, if the water surface temperature is higher than the air temperature, evaporation can exceed condensation, resulting in a local increase in air temperature and potential mist formation. The discussion also highlights that at 50% humidity and 20 degrees Celsius, evaporation occurs as more energetic water molecules escape, while less energetic molecules in the air condense, maintaining a dynamic balance over time.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of relative humidity and its effects on evaporation
  • Basic principles of thermodynamics related to temperature and energy
  • Knowledge of molecular behavior in liquids and gases
  • Familiarity with the concept of equilibrium in physical processes
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the effects of temperature on evaporation rates in different humidity conditions
  • Study the principles of thermodynamic equilibrium in phase changes
  • Explore the role of molecular energy distribution in evaporation and condensation
  • Investigate the formation of mist and its relation to temperature and humidity gradients
USEFUL FOR

Students of environmental science, meteorologists, and anyone interested in the physical processes of evaporation and humidity dynamics.

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hello guys

if the water surface is at same temp as air above, and humidity is 100%, do any wataer molecules leave their liquid state to become vapour ie evaporate?

I couldn't remember what professor said exactly, so i checked up on internet and it says

water can't evaporate at 100% relatve humidity. But I vaguely remember it can..

I am not so sure so can anyone clarify this please?

What happen to net evaporation ie positive or zero. if the water surface is warmer than the air above at 100 humidity?

thank you

also, if the humidity is 50% at 20 degrees, what happen to evaporation rate as funtion of time? (two critical processes invovled)
 
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Not all molecules in an ensemble will carry the same energy. Temperature only specifies the average. More energetic molecules in the water will evaporate, but at the same time the less energetic molecules in the air will condense. If the air is saturated at the water's temperature then these two processes will be in equilibrium.
If the water is warmer then evaporation will exceed condensation, locally raising the temperature of the air. As the warmed air mixes with the cooler air around, some will recondense, forming a mist.
As time passes, evaporation robs the water of its more energetic molecules, lowering the average energy (and hence temperature) of what remains.
 

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