Examples of State Functions in Thermodynamics

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State functions in thermodynamics are properties that depend solely on the current state of a system, not on the path taken to reach that state. Key examples include internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy, which are extensive properties, as well as intensive properties like temperature, pressure, density, and viscosity. These functions provide crucial insights into the thermodynamic behavior of systems. Understanding these state functions is essential for analyzing energy exchanges and transformations in thermodynamic processes. The discussion highlights the importance of distinguishing between extensive and intensive state functions in thermodynamics.
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I'm curious to find more examples (if they exist) of state functions in thermodynamics other than the internal energy of a gas.

Is the pressure, volume and temperature of a gas all state functions of the system?
 
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State function of a system is in thermodynamics any function that does not depend on the processes undergone by the system but only on the present state. In addition to internal energy are state functions enthalpy H, entropy S, isochoric-isothermic potential F, isobaric-isothermic potential \Phi, all of them extensive (mass-dependent, additive) functions; temperature, density, viscosity etc. (I guess also pressure) in a thermodynamic system are intensive (non-additive) state functions.
(quoted from B.Javorskij, A.Detlaf "Manuale di fisica", translated by myself from Italian)
 
Thread 'What is the pressure of trapped air inside this tube?'

Thread 'What is the pressure of trapped air inside this tube?'

As you can see from the picture, i have an uneven U-shaped tube, sealed at the short end. I fill the tube with water and i seal it. So the short side is filled with water and the long side ends up containg water and trapped air. Now the tube is sealed on both sides and i turn it in such a way that the traped air moves at the short side. Are my claims about pressure in senarios A & B correct? What is the pressure for all points in senario C? (My question is basically coming from watching...
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