Expressing surface charge density as volume charge density

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around expressing surface charge density as volume charge density, specifically in the context of a uniformly charged disc in different coordinate systems, including cylindrical and spherical coordinates.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore the formulation of volume charge density using Dirac delta functions in different coordinate systems and question the necessity of including scale factors in these expressions.

Discussion Status

There is an ongoing examination of the implications of including or excluding scale factors in the expressions for charge density. Some participants have provided insights into the physical dimensions and uniformity of charge distribution, while others express confusion regarding the effects of these factors on the density.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating the mathematical nuances of charge density expressions, particularly in relation to maintaining uniform charge distribution and ensuring correct physical dimensions. The discussion reflects varying interpretations of the mathematical formalism involved.

Mictlantecuhtli
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I'm working on this: When I consider a disc with radius ##a## and total charge ##Q## uniformly distributed (placed in the XY plane and centered at the origin) and determine the volume charge density in cylindrical coordinates, I have assumed is of the form ##\rho=A \delta (z) U(R-r)##, (##U## is the unit step function) and obtained just what I expected $$\rho=\frac{Q}{\pi R^2} \delta (z) U(R-r)$$
The problem arise when I try to solve this problem in spherical coordinates because my first assumption was ##\rho=A \delta (\theta-\pi/2) U(R-r)## (note that here ##r## is not the same as in the previous paragraph) but some people include the scale factor corresponding to each variable appearing in each Dirac delta; in this case $$\rho=A \frac {\delta (\theta-\pi/2)}{r} U(R-r)$$
What's the reason for including such factor? Is there any mathematical result that support this?
 
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If you do not include the r you do not get a uniform charge distribution. Also note that ##\delta(\theta-\pi/2)## would not have the correct physical dimension for ##A## to be a surface charge density.
 
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Orodruin said:
If you do not include the r you do not get a uniform charge distribution. Also note that ##\delta(\theta-\pi/2)## would not have the correct physical dimension for ##A## to be a surface charge density.
That's what makes me confused. If I include the scale factor ##r## I get ##\rho\propto 1/r ##, how could it be a uniform charge distribution if density decreases as radius increases?
 
Mictlantecuhtli said:
That's what makes me confused. If I include the scale factor ##r## I get ##\rho\propto 1/r ##, how could it be a uniform charge distribution if density decreases as radius increases?
No you don't. If you do not include it you get a density that increases with radius and has the wrong dimensions. I suggest you check it by integrating over a small volume containing an area element.
 
Note that ##\delta(z) = \delta(r\cos(\theta)) = \delta(\cos(\theta))/r = \delta(\theta-\pi/2)/r##.
 
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Finally I can see it, the last relation is so clear... Thanks a lot.
 

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