Finding pressure P of air held in between two columns of Mercury

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The discussion revolves around calculating the pressure of air trapped between two mercury columns using the equation P=hρg. Participants analyze the heights of the mercury columns, leading to expressions for pressure P based on different scenarios. There is confusion regarding the correct application of the factors in the equations, particularly the erroneous inclusion of a factor of 2 in the denominator. The correct expressions for pressure are clarified as P = 760 + x and P = 760 + (50-y). Ultimately, the participants reach a consensus on the correct interpretation of the problem and the relationships between the variables.
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Homework Statement


image.jpg


Homework Equations


P=hρg

The Attempt at a Solution


The length of mercury column ...
(1) on the left side (exposed to atmosphere) would be ( 760 + x/2 )mm
(2) on the right side (exposed to atmosphere) would be ( 760 + (50-y)/2 )mm
(3) on the left (exposed to air at pressure P) would be ( 760 -x/2) mm
(4) on the right (exposed to air at pressure P) would be ( 760- (50-y)/2 ) mm

By equating (1)=(2) or (3)=(4) ,
x=50-y
A and D are out as x and y does not satisfy this equation.

I chose B as (by assuming from the diagram) x is shorter than y, but I do not know how to calculate the Air pressure P.. Any hints? Thanks in advance
 
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The results you obtained under items 1 and 2 are both correct expressions for the pressure P (although the factor of 2 in the denominator should not be in there. Where did that come from?). The results you obtained under items 3 and 4 make no sense to me.
So,

P = 760 + x

and

P = 760 + (50-y)

So which combination of values is consistent with these two equations?
 
Chestermiller said:
The results you obtained under items 1 and 2 are both correct expressions for the pressure P (although the factor of 2 in the denominator should not be in there. Where did that come from?). The results you obtained under items 3 and 4 make no sense to me.
So,

P = 760 + x

and

P = 760 + (50-y)

So which combination of values is consistent with these two equations?
Oh I see.. B.
Oh I thought that the column (1) exposed to air would increase by x/2, and column (2) exposed to air pressure would decrease by x/2. But I guess it's wrong.
Thanks for the help!
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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