Force applied by a constant stream of particles

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the force applied by a constant stream of particles, specifically in the context of an hourglass. The user seeks to determine how the weight of the hourglass changes as grains of sand fall and impact the bottom. Key insights include the use of momentum and the concept of continuous mass flow, rather than treating each grain individually. The user suggests considering the center of mass and treating the hourglass as a black box to simplify calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with concepts of momentum and force
  • Basic knowledge of fluid dynamics and continuous mass flow
  • Experience with programming for graphical representation of physical phenomena
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of momentum transfer in continuous systems
  • Learn about the center of mass and its application in dynamic systems
  • Explore numerical methods for simulating particle impacts in programming
  • Investigate the use of differential equations in modeling continuous mass flow
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or engineering, programmers developing simulations of physical systems, and anyone interested in the dynamics of granular materials.

LaszloNagy
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Homework Statement


I'm making a program that draws a graph of the weight of an hourglass. Obviously at first we know the weight, and as the grains begin to fall it decreases by the amount of mass in free fall. However I ran into a problem when the grains begin to hit the bottom. It's impossible to know the weight of a single grain, all we know is the total volume, the height which the grains travel, and the density of the sand.

Homework Equations


How could I calculate the change this series of tiny impacts causes in the hourglass's weight?

The Attempt at a Solution


I tried F = m*g*h, but I don't think this would work since we are talking about a continuous stream, not a single object.
 
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Consider the amount of mass that hits the bottom over some (short) time interval T, and its momentum. It does not matter how many grains of sand are in, as long as the approximation of a continuous mass flow works you don't have to care about object numbers.

Alternatively, think what the center of mass is doing and treat the hourglass as black box for this step.
 

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