Given an acceleration figure calculate speed and distance

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To determine the particle's speed at t = 10.0s and t = 20.0s, the slope of the acceleration graph is crucial, particularly from t = 15s to t = 20s, where a negative slope indicates a decrease in speed. The calculation of speed at t = 20s involves adding the change in velocity from the previous speed, resulting in a final speed of 5m/s. For calculating distance traveled in the first 20.0s, the areas under the velocity-time graph should be summed, accounting for both positive and negative areas. Both methods of calculation—using slopes and areas—are valid, provided the signs of the areas are correctly applied. Understanding these concepts is essential for solving similar physics problems accurately.
Alexanddros81
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Homework Statement


Serway Physics Chapter 2
19. A particle starts from rest and accelerates as shown in Figure P2.19.
Determine (a) the particle's speed at t = 10.0s and at t = 20.0s and
(b) the distance traveled in the first 20.0s

Serway Physics Figure P2_19.jpg

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



Serway Physics 2_19001.jpg


Serway Physics 2_19002.jpg
I am confused with the slope from t = 15s to t = 20s.
Calculating from given fiure: ##slope = \frac {v} {5s} => v = (-3)(5) = -15m/s##
I suppose I add the -15m/s to 20m/s to give 5m/s which is the velocity at t=20s
Is this the correct way to calculate the speed at 20s?
or I just calculate the areas of the a-t figure?

(b) for this part I calculated the area of the trangle then the area of the rectangle and the are of the
trapezoid under the v-t graph and added them all together
 

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Everything looks fine.
Alexanddros81 said:
Is this the correct way to calculate the speed at 20s?
or I just calculate the areas of the a-t figure?
Either way is correct. Just remember that in this case the first area is positive and the second is negative.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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