Graph Theory Proof: Number of Vertices and Edges in a Connected Graph

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves a graph G with at least two vertices, where the cut induced by every proper nonempty subset of vertices contains exactly two elements. The goal is to determine the number of vertices and edges in G, focusing on concepts of connectedness in graph theory.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Problem interpretation

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the potential use of proof by contradiction and the implications of connectedness. Questions arise regarding the definition of the cut induced by a subset of vertices, and attempts are made to clarify this concept. Some suggest examining the degrees of vertices and the structure of connected graphs with specific properties.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants exploring various interpretations of the problem. Some have offered insights into the properties of the graph, while others express confusion about specific terms and concepts. There is no clear consensus yet, but several productive lines of inquiry are being pursued.

Contextual Notes

Participants are grappling with the definitions and implications of the terms used in the problem, particularly regarding the concept of induced cuts and the characteristics of connected graphs. The original poster expresses difficulty in progressing with the proof.

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Homework Statement



Let G be a graph with at least two vertices, such that the cut induced by every
proper nonempty subset of vertices of G contains exactly two elements. Determine
(with proof ) the number of vertices and edges in G.

Homework Equations



Connectedness. A graph G is connected if for any two vertices x and y in G, there is a path from x to y.

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm really stuck. But i think proving by contradiction is a good approach (maybe??).
i.e.: Suppose the graph is not connected...i.e. it has more than one component. ...?
this is a contradiction...therefore the graph is connected?
like i said. I'm really having troubles. any help would be greatly appreciated.
thanks in advance.
 
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What do you mean by the cut induced...? I don't remember hearing that specific usage of the word cut regarding graph theory but I may have just forgotten
 
Given a subset X of the vertices of G, the cut induced by X is the set of edges that have exactly one end in X.

Maybe the theorem: A graph G is not connected if and only if there exists a proper nonempty subset X of V(G) such that the cut induced by X is empty helps?
 
Ok, so you're given a graph G. For any subset of G, say X, there are exactly two edges going from X to G-X

Start by picking a single vertex in G and notice that if X is a single vertex, that vertex has to have degree 2. What are your possible choices for G? Then by picking other subsets X narrow it down further
 
still lost. if i pick 2 vertices...? 3 vertices?
 
It will help if you write down exactly what the set of all possible connected graphs are for which every vertex has degree 2
 

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