Gravitational Waves: Time, Synchronization, Speed

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between gravitational waves (GWs) and time synchronization, particularly in the context of the LIGO experiment. Participants explore how GWs affect the rates of clocks positioned at the ends of LIGO's arms, noting that these clocks would experience fluctuations in their rates as GWs pass. The conversation highlights the connection between the stretching and shortening of space and the perceived speed of signals, emphasizing the intimate link between space and time as described by relativity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational waves and their properties
  • Familiarity with the LIGO experiment and its operational principles
  • Basic knowledge of Einstein's theory of relativity
  • Concept of time dilation and its implications in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the effects of gravitational waves on time synchronization in experiments
  • Study the principles of spacetime and how they relate to gravitational waves
  • Explore the concept of time dilation in the context of relativistic physics
  • Investigate the technical aspects of LIGO's detection methods and data analysis
USEFUL FOR

Physics enthusiasts, educators, and content creators interested in explaining complex concepts like gravitational waves and their effects on time and space, as well as those involved in scientific communication and outreach.

Karl Coryat
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Hi folks. I see there is a similar thread on grav waves and time, but I have a few specific questions.

Everyone talks about grav waves "in space" -- even Brian Greene was saying this on Colbert, whereas Colbert was saying spacetime. I would like to make a video on how GWs are indeed "waves in time" as well, (a) to shed additional light on GWs for lay people and (b) connect it back to relativity.

Ignoring the obvious technological limitations, if there were clocks at the end of the LIGO arms, we would see their rates fluctuate as the GW passes, yes? If they were centrally synchronized and each sending signals, the signals would go out of phase momentarily...I assume they would return to phase and be re-synchronized once the GW has passed?

Also, is it true that the signal would seem to speed up on an arm that's otherwise seen to "lengthen," and slow down when "shortening"?

It strikes me that this would be a nice way to demonstrate how space and time are intimately linked in spacetime, and the invariance of c. Incidentally I had a lot of success with my last physics video, "How Gravity Makes Things Fall," which also began as a question right here. Thanks!
 
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Sorry, I am past the editing time limit. I meant to say, "is it true that the rate of the signal would seem to speed up on an arm that's otherwise seen to lengthen" -- which, when phrased this way, makes me think the rate of the ticks would actually be slower or redshifted on the arm that would be observed as having lengthened. Is that right?
 

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