How Do Inductors and Back EMF Influence DC Motor Behavior?

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the modeling of DC motors, specifically the roles of inductors and back electromotive force (back EMF) in motor behavior. It establishes that both components are essential; the inductor influences the motor's response to changes in current, while back EMF serves as a voltage source that adjusts current and torque based on speed. The conversation confirms that when the load changes, the motor must accelerate or decelerate to reach a new steady state, and back EMF plays a critical role in this intrinsic feedback mechanism, regulating current and torque to maintain efficiency.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of DC motor components, including inductors and back EMF
  • Basic principles of electrical circuits and Ohm's Law
  • Knowledge of torque and angular velocity relationships in motors
  • Familiarity with system modeling techniques in electrical engineering
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the impact of inductance on the transfer function of DC motors
  • Learn about the mathematical modeling of DC motors using differential equations
  • Explore the concept of back EMF and its effect on motor efficiency
  • Investigate control systems for regulating motor speed and torque
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, students studying motor control systems, and anyone interested in the dynamics of DC motors and their operational characteristics.

perplexabot
Gold Member
Messages
328
Reaction score
5
Hello. Just started learning about how to model a DC motor. A simple model consists of the input Voltage in series with an inductor, a resistor and a back emf. I have two questions.

Why have both the inductor and the back emf (voltage source)?

If you know that at a voltage V and a load L1, the motor will have a steady speed of w1.
Now say we remove the initial load and attach another load L2 keeping the input voltage at V.
Will the motor still be able to reach a steady speed (i know it will not be w1)? In other words will it accelerate/decelerate or have a constant velocity?

EDIT:
So now I just realized it has to accelerate/decelerate in order to reach a steady state, I also figured out that it cannot keep accelerating (that would defy the law of conservation of energy). So now I have another question, does the back emf change accordingly to adjust the current which in turn adjusts the torque (is this the "intrinsic feedback of the motor")? Is it this process that controls the acceleration?
 
Last edited:
Engineering news on Phys.org
The back emf adjusts with speed thereby controlling the current through the resistor. The torque is proportional to the current through the resistor. The power is the angular velocity times the torque and is also the current times the back emf. The inductance is there because it affects the overall ideal transfer function.

The following is a nice explanation:
http://ctms.engin.umich.edu/CTMS/index.php?example=MotorSpeed&section=SystemModeling
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: 1 person

Similar threads

  • · Replies 19 ·
Replies
19
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 74 ·
3
Replies
74
Views
6K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
5K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K