How Do You Calculate Energy Loss in a Damped Harmonic Oscillator?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating energy loss in a damped harmonic oscillator, specifically focusing on a lightly damped oscillator with given mass and spring constant. The original poster seeks to determine the fraction of mechanical energy converted to other forms and the Q value of the system.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore the relationship between displacement amplitude and total energy, questioning how to relate these quantities. There is discussion about potential and kinetic energy at maximum displacement, with some confusion about how to approach the calculations without certain values.

Discussion Status

Some participants have provided insights into the relationships between energy and amplitude, suggesting that the percentage of total energy can be derived from the percentage of amplitude lost. There is ongoing exploration of the necessary equations and variables, with no explicit consensus reached.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the challenge of calculating potential energy without a specified amplitude value and express uncertainty about the information provided in the problem statement.

captainemeric
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Homework Statement


The displacement amplitude of a lightly damped oscillator with m=0.250kg and k=6400N/m is observed to decrease by 15% in exactly five minutes
a) Calculate the fraction (in%0 of the initial mechanical energy of the oscillator that has been converted to other forms of energy (such as thermal energy) in the five-minute interval.
b)Calculate the Q value of this damped oscillator by first calculation omega initial and gama


Homework Equations


omega initial = sqrt(k/m)
gama = b/m
x = A initial exp^(gama t/2)
TE = 1/2kA initial exp^(-gamat)
A(t) = A inital exp^(bt/2m)
T = 2pisqrt(m/k)


The Attempt at a Solution


I have calculated omega inital = 160rads and the period to be .04s. I know there is the relationship between the displacement amplitude and the total energy but I cannot seem to figure out how to relate them. Any help is greatly appreciated.
 
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At maximum displacement, what are the kinetic and potential energies of the oscillator?
 
At maximum displacement, the kinetic energy should be zero. Should I be able to solve for the potential energy? I am so confused as to how to approach this. I know I have been given enough info but I feel like I don't have enough to find any additional values.
 
So at maximum displacement the entire energy is the potential energy. What is the potential energy of a spring?
 
1/2ka^2. How do i find this without being given a?
 
What is a? What is amplitude?
 
Ok, so I finally figured out I can find the % of TE in relation to the % of A lost. Which I can also use to find b which I can then use to find Q.
A=Ainital exp^bt/2m where A/Ainital will equal .85 then the only unknown is b.
And TE goes as A^2 so if A is 85% then TE is .85^2 or ~72%
 

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