How Do You Calculate the Molar Mass of an Unknown Gas?

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SUMMARY

The molar mass of an unknown gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law, specifically by determining the volume of hydrogen gas (H2) under standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions. Given a sample of 0.712 g of H2, the volume can be calculated, and this volume can be used to find the density of the unknown gas, which is 13.0 g under the same conditions. By applying the ideal gas law and the known values, the molecular weight of the unknown gas can be accurately derived.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law (PV=nRT)
  • Knowledge of standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions
  • Ability to calculate density from mass and volume
  • Familiarity with molecular weight calculations
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  • Learn how to apply the ideal gas law in various scenarios
  • Research the concept of molar mass and its significance in chemistry
  • Explore density calculations for gases at different temperatures and pressures
  • Study the implications of gas behavior under non-ideal conditions
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Chemistry students, educators, and professionals involved in gas analysis and molecular weight determination will benefit from this discussion.

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1. A sample bulb contained 0.712 g H2 (g) at a certain temperature and pressure. Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, the bulb can hold 13.0 g of an unknown gas. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas?

Obtaining H2 volume from the ideal gas law (assuming STP) and then using that volume to obtain the unknown gas density (with STP) is the correct way to obtain the molar mass?

I would appreciate some help

Thank you.
 
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Assume the gas follows the ideal gas law. For the hydrogen example you know the pressure/temperature and the number of moles. From that you can calculate the volume of the vessel. Use this solution (same pressure, temperature and volume) to determine the number of moles of the unknown gas. From that you can calculate the molecular weight of the unknown gas.
 

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