How Does a Reflecting Object Gain Kinetic Energy from Radiation Pressure?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the kinetic energy gained by a perfectly reflecting object, such as a solid block in a vacuum, when subjected to radiation pressure. When light strikes the block, the conservation of momentum dictates that the reflected photons exert a force, causing the block to accelerate. The key conclusion is that the reflected photons are red-shifted due to the block's movement, indicating that they possess lower energy than the incident photons, thus allowing the block to gain kinetic energy without absorbing the photons.

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  • Understanding of conservation of momentum in physics
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  • Familiarity with the concept of redshift in the context of light
  • Basic principles of kinetic energy and its relationship with force
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DeepBlue
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Hi,

When radiation pressure exerts a force on an object causing it to move, where does the object's kinetic energy come from, and how?

E.g. consider a perfectly reflecting solid block in vacuum. Its face is illuminated by light. From conservation of momentum, the reflection of the light from the block's surface causes the radiation force, which accelerates the block.

The block has gained KE, but it can't be absorbing the photons, since it is perfectly reflective. Does this mean that the reflected photons are actually lower energy than the incident photons? But how:confused:? Some kind of Doppler shifting going on?

Any help is much appreciated!
 
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Exactly. The reflected photons are red-shifted by the movement of the block.
 

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