How Does Integration by Parts Prove This Real Analysis Identity?

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves proving an identity in real analysis related to integration by parts, specifically showing that \(\int_a^b xf(x)f'(x)dx = -\frac{1}{2} \int_a^b [f(x)]^2 dx\) given that \(f\) is continuously differentiable on the interval \([a, b]\) and vanishes at the endpoints.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the initial uncertainty about how to start the problem, with one suggesting a change of variables. Another participant proposes using integration by parts and highlights the difference in derivatives between the two sides of the identity. There is also a detailed breakdown of the integration by parts approach, including the choice of \(u\) and \(v\) and the evaluation of boundary terms.

Discussion Status

The discussion is active, with participants exploring various methods and reasoning. Some guidance has been offered regarding integration by parts, and there is an ongoing examination of the implications of the boundary conditions and the roles of derivatives in the integrand.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the conditions on \(f\) being of class \(C^1\) and the specific values at the endpoints, which are crucial for the integration by parts approach. There is an acknowledgment of the need to handle the derivative present in one integral and not in the other.

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Homework Statement


Let f be of class C1 on [a, b], with f(a) = f(b) = 0. Show that [tex]\int_a^b xf(x)f'(x)dx[/tex] = [tex]-1/2 \int_a^b [f(x)]^2 dx[/tex].

Homework Equations


If F is an antiderivative of f, then [tex]\int_a^b f(t)dt = F(b) - F(a)[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm just really not sure how to begin this one. I know that because f is of class C1 that f' is continuous. Maybe change of variables?
 
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Use integration by parts!
 
Less dogmatically... one of the major differences between the two things you're trying to show equal is that one has a derivative in it, and the other doesn't. And what methods do you know that can increase/decrease how derivated a part of your integrand is?
 
[tex]\int_a^b xf(x)f'(x)dx[/tex]

[tex]u=x, du=dx, v=\int f(x)f'(x)dx[/tex]

[tex]v=\int f(x)f'(x)dx, t=f(x), dt=f'(x)dx=>\int tdt=\frac{1}{2}t^2=\frac{1}{2}[f(x)]^2[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{2}x[f(x)]|_a^b-\frac{1}{2}\int_a^b [f(x)]^2dx=-\frac{1}{2}\int_a^b [f(x)]^2dx[/tex]

Because:[tex]\frac{1}{2}x[f(x)]|_a^b=0[/tex]
 

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