How Does Phase Shift Affect the General Solution for S.H.M. in a Helical Spring?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the general solution for the differential equation of motion of a helical spring derived from Hooke's law and Newton's second law. The equation is expressed as (dx/dt)^2 + (k/m)x = 0, with the general solution given as x = Acos(ωt + θ) or x = Asin(ωt + θ), depending on the phase constant θ. It is established that both forms are equivalent due to the phase shift relationship between cosine and sine functions, specifically cos(ωt) = sin(ωt + π/2) and sin(ωt) = cos(ωt - π/2).

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  • Understanding of Hooke's Law
  • Knowledge of Newton's Second Law of Motion
  • Familiarity with differential equations
  • Basic trigonometric identities
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  • Explore the implications of phase shifts in harmonic motion
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SherlockOhms
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We've just begun studying oscillatory motion and recently derived the differential equation of motion for a helical using Hooke's law and Newton's second law of motion.

The differential equation of motion for the helical spring is (dx/dt)^2 + (k/m)x = 0. In our lecture notes it says that the general solution to the above equation is x = Acos(ωt +θ), where θ is the phase constant. From this you can find the various equations for T, a and ω. Also, the notes go on to state that if θ = -pi/2 then Acos(ωt +θ) becomes Asin(ωt), which makes sense.

However, in our textbook it says that x = Asin(ωt +θ) is the general solution to the differential equation of motion and that is θ pi/2 then Asin(ωt +θ) becomes Acos(ωt), this also makes sense.

So, I was just wondering is the general solution arbitrary or is there a mistake in either the notes or text?
Thanks in advance.
 
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Realize that cos(ωt) and sin(ωt) are the same except for a phase shift. The general solutions are equivalent.

cos(x) = sin(x + π/2)

sin(x) = cos(x - π/2)
 
Doc Al said:
Realize that cos(ωt) and sin(ωt) are the same except for a phase shift. The general solutions are equivalent.

cos(x) = sin(x + π/2)

sin(x) = cos(x - π/2)

Cool. Thanks for that.
 

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