How Does Power Affect Force in Space Travel?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between power and force in the context of space travel, specifically using an electrically powered spaceship with a 100% efficient ionic engine. Participants clarify that while power (P) is constant, the force (F) exerted by the spaceship is not constant due to the need to expel propellant, which affects acceleration (A). The rocket equation is essential for understanding this dynamic, as the mass of the rocket decreases over time, leading to increasing acceleration despite constant thrust. The conversation highlights the importance of considering the energy dynamics involved in propulsion systems.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion, particularly F=ma.
  • Familiarity with the rocket equation and its implications for propulsion.
  • Knowledge of power calculations in physics, specifically P=F*v.
  • Basic concepts of energy transfer and conservation in mechanical systems.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the rocket equation and its applications in varying mass systems.
  • Explore the principles of propulsion in different vehicles, including rockets and helicopters.
  • Learn about the effects of drag and friction on power and force in real-world scenarios.
  • Investigate energy conservation principles in mechanical systems and their relevance to propulsion.
USEFUL FOR

Aerospace engineers, physicists, students of mechanics, and anyone interested in the dynamics of propulsion systems in space travel.

  • #61
rcgldr said:
Still switch this case to a rocket "hovering" above the moon (no atmosphere), the rocket isn't moving, so no work done on the rocket, only on the propellent expelled from the rocket. This is a similar case to the hovering helicopter (the heli doesn't move, only the air). I think it's a reasonable comparason.
Yeah, for hovering, the equations are similar. Though, mass flow rate has to be factored in separately.

So let's see...

F = mg = -\dot{m} V_p

P = -\frac{1}{2} V_p^2 \dot{m}

\dot{m} = -\frac{mg}{V_p}

P = \frac{1}{2} mgV_p

m(t) = m_0 e^{-\frac{gt}{V_p}}

P(t) = \frac{1}{2} m_0 gV_p e^{-\frac{gt}{V_p}}

Ok, maybe not so similar, but the mg term is the same.
 
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  • #62
rcgldr said:
That should be "m-dot": ṁp, the mass flow per unit time (not mass flow per second, not important here, but the time it takes to reach terminal velocity is not needed to be known).
Ok rcgldr, your remarks are understood, but I just wanted to make it as pictorial as possible for someone out of physics community.
 
  • #63
rcgldr said:
That should be "m-dot": ṁp, the mass flow per unit time (not mass flow per second
norrrbit said:
Ok rcgldr, your remarks are understood, but I just wanted to make it as pictorial as possible for someone out of physics community.
My main concern was the impression from your previous post that the expelled propellent would accelerate to terminal velocity in 1 second. Using mass flow rate eliminates having to specify how long it takes for the propellent to reach terminal velocity.
 

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