How to calculate the calories burnt during walking

[rrcmks]

Based on Laws of Physics, how to calculate the calories burnt by a person, weighing 60 kg during walking at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour.
Surprisingly different answers were given by online calculators. Though I am not a Physicist, please let me know the formula or principle behind the calculation and I know dietary Calorie = 1000 calories.
is this logic
=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms–1)2 ~ 37 J

 

[PeroK]

Based on Laws of Physics, how to calculate the calories burnt by a person, weighing 60 kg during walking at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour.
Surprisingly different answers were given by online calculators. Though I am not a Physicist, please let me know the formula or principle behind the calculation and I know dietary Calorie = 1000 calories.

It's not really a theroretical physics question because it depends mostly on physiology and muscular inefficiencies. Two related questions:

How many calories do you burn if you sit in a chair for an hour?

How many calories do you burn if you cycle at 4km/h for one hour?

 

[BvU]

There isn't much simple physics in this calculation: the physical work to actually move something horizontally for an hour has a lower limit of zero.
The physics would then be in maintaining body temperature and that's indeed rather broad in terms of Joules, as you can understand (wind, clothing).

Is there no common range of values at all ? Examples ?

I personally don't trust the makers of exercise machines: they never seem to be able to convert calories/hour into Watt (Joule/second).

 

[rrcmks]

Thank you BvU. Can we use simple Kinetic energy equation energy require to move mass of 60 kg at a speed of 4km/h. Though it is not accurate, is it logic way. Please forgive me I am not Physicist.

 

[rrcmks]

There isn't much simple physics in this calculation: the physical work to actually move something horizontally for an hour has a lower limit of zero.
The physics would then be in maintaining body temperature and that's indeed rather broad in terms of Joules, as you can understand (wind, clothing).

Is there no common range of values at all ? Examples ?

I personally don't trust the makers of exercise machines: they never seem to be able to convert calories/hour into Watt (Joule/second).

Thank you BvU. Can we use simple Kinetic energy equation energy require to move mass of 60 kg at a speed of 4km/h. Though it is not accurate, is it logic way. Please forgive me I am not Physicist.

=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J
is this logic

 

[PeroK]

Thank you BvU. Can we use simple Kinetic energy equation energy require to move mass of 60 kg at a speed of 4km/h. Though it is not accurate, is it logic way. Please forgive me I am not Physicist.

The energy required for that is simply zero! It takes no energy to maintain constant motion. Essentially.

 

[rrcmks]

=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J
is this logic

 

[rrcmks]

The energy required for that is simply zero! It takes no energy to maintain constant motion. Essentially.

=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J
is this logic

 

[PeroK]

=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J

Which is independent of the time. That's the initial energy to accelerate to $4km/h$. The Kinetic energy to remain at that speed for 1 second, 1 minute, 1 hour or whatever is zero. That's your problem. All the energy required to maintain 4km/h is wasted through one inefficiency of motion or another.

 

[russ_watters]

I personally don't trust the makers of exercise machines: they never seem to be able to convert calories/hour into Watt (Joule/second).

I always figured one was input and the other output, but I've never bothered to look at the actual comparison/conversion.
[Edit] Pulling some numbers from memory and converting, I guess my bike is telling me I'm about 20% efficient.

 

[rrcmks]

=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J
is this logic

 

[rrcmks]

Which is independent of the time. That's the initial energy to accelerate to $4km/h$. The Kinetic energy to remain at that speed for 1 second, 1 minute, 1 hour or whatever is zero. That's your problem. All the energy required to maintain 4km/h is wasted through one inefficiency of motion or another.

Assume if speed is constant for 1 hour, then how can we proceed? By simple assumptions is it possible to get some values. I wonder is it that much difficult... sorry

 

[PeroK]

Assume if speed is constant for 1 hour, then how can we proceed? By simple assumptions is it possible to get some values. I wonder is it that much difficult... sorry

You're not listening. No, it's not possible for the reasons given. Constant motion requires essentially no energy. All the energy is used up by muscular inefficiencies. The only way to get a figure is to study muscles (or get some empirical data).

 

[rrcmks]

You're not listening. No, it's not possible for the reasons given. Constant motion requires essentially no energy. All the energy is used up by muscular inefficiencies. The only way to get a figure is to study muscles (or get some empirical data).

Yeah I understand once triggered it moves. So, by assuming if there is no factors influencing, whether this should be considered as energy required.
Correct me if I am wrong. Sorry for annoying.

 

[PeroK]

Yeah I understand once triggered it moves. So, by assuming if there is no factors influencing, whether this should be considered as energy required.
Correct me if I am wrong. Sorry for annoying.

Obviously it can't be. You have a very small amount of energy required to get to 4km/h, and then an unknown energy to maintain this.

You can compare with a bicycle where a constant motion of 4km/h would require almost no effort. On a well-oiled bicycle you could coast perhaps 50m before you stopped. If you are walking, there is no coasting mechanism. You have to keep moving your muscles all the time. That's where the energy goes.

PS this is why the bicycle was such a great invention. It has no engine and you are doing all the work, but to move at, say, 10km/h is easy on a bike, but hard work if you are running.

 

[oz93666]

You wan't to know the 'calories burnt' ... the most accurate way to measure this must be to measure the CO2 output (and O2 consumed) when on a treadmill ... this can be compared with what it takes to burn carbohydrates , a simple chemical equation ...

I seem to remember the usable output from an athlete (to drive a man powered airplane) is 300w ... a horsepower (output from a horse) is 750w ... I think both are around 10% efficient.

 

[Andy Resnick]

Based on Laws of Physics, how to calculate the calories burnt by a person, weighing 60 kg during walking at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour.

As this thread shows, your question is not easy to answer. Your calculation equates kinetic energy and 'expended energy' using the rationale that when you stop trying to walk, you more or less immediately stop moving. An alternative approach is to use expended power P = Fv, where v is the velocity and F is the frictional force. Neither of these are 'well-respected' approaches to answering your question because gait is a very complex motion:

http://www.footeducation.com/foot-and-ankle-basics/biomechanics-of-foot-and-ankle/biomechanics-of-walking-gait/

https://books.google.com/books?id=1...onepage&q=biomechanics walking energy&f=false

Figure 5.6 in the second link has some information about energy expenditure. Practically speaking, measurements of expended energy are performed by measuring O2 consumption. It's common for a wide range of values to be reported, since many physiological factors (age, weight, overall fitness) impact energy expenditure.

 

[rrcmks]

Obviously it can't be. You have a very small amount of energy required to get to 4km/h, and then an unknown energy to maintain this.

You can compare with a bicycle where a constant motion of 4km/h would require almost no effort. On a well-oiled bicycle you could coast perhaps 50m before you stopped. If you are walking, there is no coasting mechanism. You have to keep moving your muscles all the time. That's where the energy goes.

PS this is why the bicycle was such a great invention. It has no engine and you are doing all the work, but to move at, say, 10km/h is easy on a bike, but hard work if you are running.

Thank you for your explanation and your time.

 

[rrcmks]

As this thread shows, your question is not easy to answer. Your calculation equates kinetic energy and 'expended energy' using the rationale that when you stop trying to walk, you more or less immediately stop moving. An alternative approach is to use expended power P = Fv, where v is the velocity and F is the frictional force. Neither of these are 'well-respected' approaches to answering your question because gait is a very complex motion:

http://www.footeducation.com/foot-and-ankle-basics/biomechanics-of-foot-and-ankle/biomechanics-of-walking-gait/

https://books.google.com/books?id=1BG78utt6VUC&pg=PA69&lpg=PA69&dq=biomechanics+walking+energy&source=bl&ots=zTyyX9WPYJ&sig=bcBJKfkYVqcRw_Q4fcfcXPF4qqI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6w_qI7drRAhUDMyYKHdg3CDwQ6AEIWTAJ#v=onepage&q=biomechanics walking energy&f=false

Figure 5.6 in the second link has some information about energy expenditure. Practically speaking, measurements of expended energy are performed by measuring O2 consumption. It's common for a wide range of values to be reported, since many physiological factors (age, weight, overall fitness) impact energy expenditure.

Thank you for your detailed explanation and your time.

 

[rrcmks]

Thank you Perok and Resnik,
I think the question is recoined to get a straight uncomplicated answer
"how to calculate the energy for an object weighing 60 kg to move in a frictionless surface at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour and by assuming without the influence of any external factors" In that case may I use
=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J

 

[A.T.]

Thank you Perok and Resnik,
I think the question is recoined to get a straight uncomplicated answer
"how to calculate the energy for an object weighing 60 kg to move in a frictionless surface at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour and by assuming without the influence of any external factors" In that case may I use
=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J

That is the KE the object has at 4 km/h, regardless of how long it moves. The "for 1 hour" duration is not included here and irrelevant.

 

[rrcmks]

That is the KE the object has at 4 km/h, regardless of how long it moves. The "for 1 hour" duration is not included here and irrelevant.

Yeah I understand. Thank you for correcting me.

 

[russ_watters]

Thank you Perok and Resnik,
I think the question is recoined to get a straight uncomplicated answer
"how to calculate the energy for an object weighing 60 kg to move in a frictionless surface at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour and by assuming without the influence of any external factors" In that case may I use
=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J

Is this actually a schoolwork/homework question? Did you provide the exact wording? If so, it may be a trick question with an answer of zero.

 

[ZapperZ]

Yeah I understand. Thank you for correcting me.

Unfortunately, you've said this before, and I don't think you do, because you kept bringing up the SAME thing.

You cannot extract the amount of Calories burnt by your body simply by applying basic mechanics principle. Period! Your application of kinetic energy formula clearly shows why this isn't valid here. There are other physiological factors involved in making such a calculation, and including that will require this question to be asked in the Biology/Medical forum below.

Zz.

 

[rrcmks]

Is this actually a schoolwork/homework question? Did you provide the exact wording? If so, it may be a trick question with an answer of zero.

No dear Watters, I am 46 years old (ha ha ha homework ?) and while on regular walking in my treadmill it shows some reading ... some calories burnt. Out of curiosity I checked online for correlation, but unfortunately none provide exact results and methodology to calculate. So for the past two days I scratched my head (in fact I felt for not studying Physics) and so I posted here.

 

[BvU]

Yes but. It's a useless answer. If I get up from my chair, my center of mass goes up by approx 0.3 m. That corresponds to 300 J. Easy physics: $E = mg\Delta h$ . Your 37 J is peanuts -- furthermore it applies for 1 hour, but also for 1 minute or 1 second or for a whole day, for that matter.

Better to just grab a source and use it -- while mentioning which source you refer to in your reporting.

[edit] this was in reply to #20 (I'm slow).

Treadmill is an exercise apparatus, for which see post #3

 

[Andy Resnick]

Thank you Perok and Resnik,
I think the question is recoined to get a straight uncomplicated answer
"how to calculate the energy for an object weighing 60 kg to move in a frictionless surface at a speed of 4 kmh^–1 for 1 hour and by assuming without the influence of any external factors" In that case may I use
=1/2 × 60 kg × (4000/3600 ms^–1)² ~ 37 J

Sure, that's the energy you need to provide the object to accelerate it from rest to 4 km/h on a frictionless surface. The amount of time it spends sliding is then irrelevant- it will continue along at 4 km/h as long as it remains on a frictionless surface (that is also flat, if gravity is present).

 

[rumborak]

Just coming into chime in that basic physics is entirely useless to calculate caloric consumption. As an example, with pure physical considerations, holding a 100lb weight on your extended arm for an hour consumes zero energy. Zero.
What consumes all the energy are the muscles in your arms that aren't good at staying flexed. To do so they consume energy stored in your cells, and that's where the calories are burned. But that's biology. From a physical, i.e. mechanical standpoint, you did absolutely nothing.

 

[rrcmks]

Yes but. It's a useless answer. If I get up from my chair, my center of mass goes up by approx 0.3 m. That corresponds to 300 J. Easy physics: $E = mg\Delta h$ . Your 37 J is peanuts -- furthermore it applies for 1 hour, but also for 1 minute or 1 second or for a whole day, for that matter.

Better to just grab a source and use it -- while mentioning which source you refer to in your reporting.

[edit] this was in reply to #20 (I'm slow).

Treadmill is an exercise apparatus, for which see post #3

Yes but. It's a useless answer. If I get up from my chair, my center of mass goes up by approx 0.3 m. That corresponds to 300 J. Easy physics: $E = mg\Delta h$ . Your 37 J is peanuts -- furthermore it applies for 1 hour, but also for 1 minute or 1 second or for a whole day, for that matter.

Better to just grab a source and use it -- while mentioning which source you refer to in your reporting.

[edit] this was in reply to #20 (I'm slow).

Treadmill is an exercise apparatus, for which see post #3

Thank you BvU, I referred many online calculators.
Source1
Source2
Source3
Source4

 

[malemdk]

while on walking our body COG moves vertically some 1-1.5inches -for every step- ie the potential energy of our body increases- by body weight (N)x 40/1000(m) j- this requires energy +metabolism, etc,