How to calculate Young's modulus of layered cross section

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating Young's modulus for a rectangular prism composed of various horizontal layers made from different materials. Participants explore methods for determining the overall modulus of elasticity, considering factors such as material ratios and the specific goals of the calculations, including bending stresses and buckling loads.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest using a piecewise method that incorporates the individual Young's moduli of the different layers to calculate stresses and deflections.
  • One participant mentions the possibility of calculating a weighted-modulus for bending stresses if the moduli of the individual components are known.
  • Another participant raises the goal of calculating the buckling load and questions the applicability of the Rule of Mixtures for this scenario.
  • Concerns are expressed about deriving a meaningful value for a laminated beam, emphasizing the importance of the bond strength and flexibility between layers.
  • A participant proposes that assuming all layers experience the same in-plane strain allows for the calculation of average moduli by averaging the stresses in each layer.
  • There is a reference to the availability of relevant information in the Composite literature for further guidance.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various approaches and considerations for calculating Young's modulus, indicating that multiple competing views remain. The discussion does not reach a consensus on a single method or solution.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the unspecified materials and their ratios, as well as the challenges in deriving a meaningful value due to the complexities of layered materials and bonding effects.

Bob Joey
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Given a rectangular prism that is composed of various horizontal layers made of different materials, how can one calculate the modulus of elasticity? Currently the materials used and their respective ratios have not been specified. We wish to determine this information using the results of trying to find the modulus.
 
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If in the end you want to work out stresses and deflections a piecewise method is needed using the individual Young's moduli of the different layers .
 
Bob Joey said:
Given a rectangular prism that is composed of various horizontal layers made of different materials, how can one calculate the modulus of elasticity? Currently the materials used and their respective ratios have not been specified. We wish to determine this information using the results of trying to find the modulus.
It depends on what you are trying to accomplish.

If you want to calculate the bending stresses in a beam made of this layered material, there is a way to calculate a weighted-modulus if you know the moduli of the individual components.

Other than this, we'll need further information.
 
The end goal is to calculate the buckling load of the overall material. Given a specific list of materials and their elastic moduli, is it possible to mathematically set up a process to find the modulus of the overall structure?

I have looked into the Rule of Mixtures, but I am not sure if it is applicable here.
 
An expression can be derived for a beam of specific dimensions and layer construction but there are difficulties in arriving at a truly meaningful value .

In a laminated beam the strength and flexibility of the bond between layers has to be included .
 
Could someone please elaborate on the procedure and how someone should go about it?
 
Bob Joey said:
Given a rectangular prism that is composed of various horizontal layers made of different materials, how can one calculate the modulus of elasticity? Currently the materials used and their respective ratios have not been specified. We wish to determine this information using the results of trying to find the modulus.
You assume that, since all the layers are glued together, they all experience the same in-plane strain. Once you know the strains, you can calculate the stresses in each layer, and average these to get the average modulii. If it is a uniaxial unconstrained deformation, you first solve for the strain that makes the average transverse stress zero, and then determine the average axial stress.

Information like this should be available in the Composite literature.

Chet
 

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