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My solution:

I draw the entire rectangle $ABCD$ in the Cartesian plane, with the vertex $B$ lies in the origin, and let the point $C=(c,\,0)$ and the $\angle DBC=\theta$.

View attachment 2740

We then have the equations of $BD$ and $AE$ be $y=\tan \theta x$ and $y=\dfrac{x}{\tan \theta}+c\tan \theta$.

Solving them simultaneously we will get the coordinate points for $E$, $F$ and $G$ where:

$E=(\dfrac{c\tan^2\theta}{\sec^2 \theta},\,\dfrac{c\tan^3\theta}{\sec^2 \theta})$

$F=(\dfrac{c\tan^2\theta}{\sec^2 \theta},\,0)$

$G=(c,\,\dfrac{c\tan^3\theta}{\sec^2 \theta})$

This gives $EF^2=\dfrac{c^2\tan^6\theta}{\sec^4 \theta}$, $EG^2=\dfrac{c^2}{\sec^4 \theta}$ and $BD^2=c^2\sec^2 \theta$.

Therefore

$\begin{align*}\left[\left(\dfrac{EF}{BD}\right)^2\right]^{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\left[\left(\dfrac{EG}{BD}\right)^2\right]^{\dfrac{1}{3}}&=\left[\left(\dfrac{c^2\tan^6 \theta}{\sec^4 \theta c^2\sec^2 \theta}\right)\right]^{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\left[\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{c^2}{\sec^4 \theta}}{c^2\sec^2 \theta}\right)\right]^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\\&=\left[\dfrac{\tan^6 \theta}{\sec^6 \theta}\right]^{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\left[\dfrac{1}{\sec^6 \theta}\right]^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\\&=\dfrac{\tan^2 \theta}{\sec^2 \theta}+\dfrac{1}{\sec^2 \theta}\\&=1\end{align*}$
 

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Here is a little puzzle from the book 100 Geometric Games by Pierre Berloquin. The side of a small square is one meter long and the side of a larger square one and a half meters long. One vertex of the large square is at the center of the small square. The side of the large square cuts two sides of the small square into one- third parts and two-thirds parts. What is the area where the squares overlap?

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