How to find electromagnetic force between nucleus and electron?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the electromagnetic force between an electron and the nucleus in the context of graphene, specifically focusing on the bond force of a free electron and the electric field required to detach it from the atom.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks to calculate the bond force of graphene's free electron using Coulomb's law but questions its applicability.
  • Another participant suggests looking up "graphene ionization energy" or "graphene work function" to find the energy needed to remove an electron, noting it to be around 4.5 eV.
  • A participant clarifies that the focus should be on finding the necessary electric field or potential to ionize the electron, rather than the energy alone.
  • There is a correction regarding the terminology, emphasizing that ionization refers to the atom losing or gaining electrons, not the electron itself being ionized.
  • One participant points out that eV is a unit of energy, not voltage or electric field, and mentions that a more complex quantum mechanical description is necessary for accurate calculations.
  • It is noted that the presence of other electrons affects the overall electric field, complicating the calculation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the approach to calculating the electromagnetic force and the terminology used, indicating that multiple competing perspectives remain without consensus on the best method or understanding.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights limitations in the assumptions made regarding the applicability of classical physics to the quantum mechanical nature of electrons in atoms, as well as the complexity introduced by interactions with other electrons.

Rakib771
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Hello, I'm new here and honestly I'm not a physics student. I'm studying engineering and so, understand little of physics. I am trying to find the bond force of graphene's free electron. That means, the electromagnetic force by which the electron is bound to the nucleus. I can only calculate it using Coulomb's law but I suppose that wouldn't be correct in this case. So, any help is appreciated.

PS: Another way of simplifying it would be, "How much static electric field is required to detach the electron?"
 
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That's not something you can calculate simply.

You can try to google "graphene ionization energy" or "graphene work function" to find how much energy is needed to remove an electron from graphene (it turns ou to be around 4.5 eV).
 
DrClaude said:
That's not something you can calculate simply.

You can try to google "graphene ionization energy" or "graphene work function" to find how much energy is needed to remove an electron from graphene (it turns ou to be around 4.5 eV).
Thanks, for the reply. But that is not what I'm trying to find. I'm trying to find the necessary electric field (or potential) to ionize the electron.
 
Rakib771 said:
. But that is not what I'm trying to find.

it is

Rakib771 said:
I'm trying to find the necessary electric field (or potential) to ionize the electron.
you don't ionise the electron, you ionise that atom, by adding/removing energy, to cause it to loose (or gain) the electron(s)

in the case of your graphene, it's 4.5 eVhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniz...ich,charged atom or molecule is called an ion.
 
eV is a unit of energy, not voltage. Or field.

An order of magnitude estimate is the electron charge divided by the Bohr radius. In real life, an answer is not simple:
  1. This requires a quantum mechanical description of the atom
  2. This requires a quantum mechanical description of the electric field
  3. The other electrons in the atom move in response to the applied field, changing the overall electric field
 

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