The discussion clarifies how to express probabilities using the a:b notation. A probability of 2/3 translates to a proportion of 2:3 when considering the ratio of successes to total events. However, if focusing on the ratio of successes to failures, the proportion changes to 2:1, representing the odds in favor. Additionally, the odds against the event occurring would be expressed as 1:2. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurately representing probabilities and proportions.