How van der Pauw measurement is influenced by the size of the sample

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the influence of sample size and shape on the Van der Pauw method for measuring electrical resistance. Participants explore how variations in dimensions and geometry affect the applicability and accuracy of the method, particularly in the context of different sample shapes and thicknesses.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how sample size affects the Van der Pauw method, suggesting that different diameters should yield different results.
  • Another participant argues that for a uniform two-dimensional material, scaling the sample size should not change resistance values due to compensating effects of length and width changes.
  • A participant seeks clarification on whether the ratio of distances between voltage and current probes should be maintained when scaling samples.
  • It is noted that the shape of the material can impact the results, with different shapes potentially leading to different outcomes.
  • One participant mentions that if the specimen is thin and probes are close to the edge, size and shape may not significantly affect the measurements.
  • Questions arise regarding the applicability of the Van der Pauw method to rectangular samples, with a request for equations or techniques suitable for low-resistance measurements in potentially inhomogeneous samples.
  • Another participant suggests that if a rectangular sample is not a square, a conversion factor may be necessary, which could be determined through simulations.
  • References to additional literature and resources related to the Van der Pauw method are provided by participants.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the impact of sample size and shape on the Van der Pauw method, indicating that multiple competing perspectives remain unresolved.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding assumptions about uniformity and homogeneity of samples, as well as the dependence on specific geometrical configurations, which are not fully addressed in the discussion.

Martin Pecha
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Dear all,

I am trying to use Van der Pauw method to measure some samples, however I cannot get where in calculations van der Pauw method includes size of the sample. F.e. if I have circle with diameter of 2 cm or 5 cm there must be a difference right? Can anyone explain to me why or why not depends van der Pauw on the size of sample?
Thank you so much.
 
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For a completely uniform two-dimensional material, scaling everything to a different size should not change the resistance values. You double the length (doubling the resistance) but also the width (halving the resistance), both effects cancel.
 
So basicaly I should keep the ratio of distances between voltage probes and current ones when I scale up samples? Or it does not depend on it either
 
The shape of the material matters - a different shape will lead to a different result.
 
If the specimen is thin and the probes are close to the edge of the specimen then the size and shape of the specimen are not important.
The technique is common for determining properties of thin semiconductor specimens
 
can I characterize a rectangular shape sample by Van der Pauw method? Is there any equation for that?

Could you please recommend me any technique to measure lowresistance (100 mohm) rectangular sample which cannot be homogenous and has 2 mm thickness?

Or any literature for that. I woul appreciate that a lot.
 
Martin Pecha said:
can I characterize a rectangular shape sample by Van der Pauw method? Is there any equation for that?
If the rectangle is not a square, you'll need some conversion factor which can be calculated, probably via simulations.

If your sample is not homogeneous but you know the deviations, you can simulate that as well. If you don't know how inhomogeneous the sample is, there is nothing you can do.
 
there are some great references (in pdf) at www.utdallas.edu>LabManuals>3

and detailed analysis of Van der Pauw derivation at www.calvin.udu>MichMAA-2015
 
lychette said:
there are some great references (in pdf) at www.utdallas.edu>LabManuals>3

and detailed analysis of Van der Pauw derivation at http://www.calvin.udu >MichMAA-2015

Thanks, the second one I know and it is great.
 
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