How would superconducting motors/generators work?

In summary, using superconductors in motors and generators can improve their performance by generating a stronger magnetic field and higher currents, resulting in greater torques and speeds. This concept has been thoroughly explored and there are many examples of superconducting electric machines in use.
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How can superconductors improve motor/generator's performance?

A superconductor will expel a magnetic field, how can it generate a Lorentz force in the case of a motor, and a induced EMF in the case of a generator?

It's makes sense that we can only improve the windings of the electromagnet, to make it superconducting generating higher fields. But what about the rotor of a motor if it's a superconducting... having higher currents would lead to greater torques & speeds,due to the combination of a stronger field & higher current?
 
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1. How do superconducting motors/generators work?

Superconducting motors and generators work by utilizing superconducting materials, which are materials that have zero electrical resistance at very low temperatures. These materials are used to create powerful magnetic fields that can be used to rotate a motor or generate electricity in a generator. The lack of resistance allows for efficient and powerful operation.

2. What are the benefits of using superconducting motors/generators?

The main benefit of using superconducting motors and generators is their high efficiency. Since there is no resistance in the superconducting materials, there is minimal loss of energy, resulting in more efficient operation. This can lead to cost savings in energy consumption and reduced emissions.

3. How are superconducting motors/generators cooled?

In order for superconducting materials to function, they must be cooled to very low temperatures. This is typically achieved through the use of liquid helium, which has a boiling point of -269°C. The superconducting materials are then encased in a cryostat, which maintains the necessary low temperature for operation.

4. Can superconducting motors/generators be used in all applications?

Superconducting motors and generators are currently being used in a variety of applications, but they may not be suitable for all applications. The cooling process and maintenance of low temperatures can be costly and may not be practical for certain uses. Additionally, the high magnetic fields generated by these motors and generators can be dangerous in some environments.

5. What are the current limitations of superconducting motors/generators?

One of the main limitations of superconducting motors and generators is the need for low temperatures to maintain superconductivity. This requires the use of expensive and complex cooling systems. Another limitation is the fragility of superconducting materials, which can be damaged by mechanical stress or high magnetic fields. There is also a limit to the amount of current that can be carried by these materials, which restricts the size and power of the motors and generators that can be built with them.

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