Impact Time and transfer of rotation

[_Nate_]

Two (related) questions to help with a physics simulation I am making:

1. Object A hits object B. Object A was traveling at velocity V with no acceleration, object B was at rest. Both bodies are rigid. When A hits B, how do we calculate the force transfer from A to B? Obviously, A experienced a deceleration upon contact with B, and a transfer of force occurred. How do we calculate this?

2. Now object A is spinning with a rotational velocity of R. Object A hits object B. If A is spinning clockwise and hits B by going from top to bottom (to give some arbitrary directions), then intuitively, B will be sent down and to the right.

How do we calculate the amount of spin that is applied from A to B? In other words, A may not stop spinning, but will probably spin slower, while B will acquire some translational and rotational momentums from the spin. How do we calculate the amount of spin that A looses and applies to B?

 

[robertm]

I imagine it would have much to do with the frictional forces between the two objects, so therefor it would depend on the particular materials making up A and B.

Two rubber basketballs would invoke more rotational energy than say two waxed bowling balls.

 

[astrokreng]

1. To calculate the force transfer from A to B, we can use the principle of conservation of momentum. This means that the total momentum before and after the collision should be equal. We can calculate the momentum of object A before the collision using the formula p = mv, where p is the momentum, m is the mass of object A, and v is the velocity. After the collision, some of this momentum will be transferred to object B, so we can calculate the momentum of object B using the same formula. The difference between the two momentums will give us the amount of force transferred from A to B.

2. To calculate the amount of spin that is applied from A to B, we can use the principle of conservation of angular momentum. This means that the total angular momentum before and after the collision should be equal. We can calculate the angular momentum of object A before the collision using the formula L = Iω, where L is the angular momentum, I is the moment of inertia of object A, and ω is the angular velocity. After the collision, some of this angular momentum will be transferred to object B, so we can calculate the angular momentum of object B using the same formula. The difference between the two angular momentums will give us the amount of spin that is transferred from A to B. The moment of inertia can be calculated using the formula I = mr^2, where m is the mass of the object and r is the distance from the axis of rotation.