Information on Teller–Ulam hydrogen bomb design

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the Teller–Ulam hydrogen bomb design, detailing the mechanisms behind both fission and fusion processes. It confirms that the initial fission reaction in plutonium bombs utilizes high explosives to compress a hollow sphere of plutonium-239 to achieve critical mass. The conversation also clarifies that the hydrogen bomb relies on the heat generated from the fission explosion to initiate fusion, with polystyrene foam turning into plasma. Additionally, it addresses the use of implosion techniques and neutron generators in modern ICBM designs, specifically referencing the W88 warhead.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of nuclear fission and fusion processes
  • Familiarity with plutonium-239 and uranium-235 properties
  • Knowledge of high explosive compression techniques
  • Awareness of thermonuclear weapon design principles
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  • Research the mechanics of the Teller–Ulam design in thermonuclear weapons
  • Study the role of neutron reflectors and tampers in nuclear reactions
  • Examine the specifications and design of the W88 warhead
  • Learn about the implications of MIRV technology in modern missile systems
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Military engineers, nuclear physicists, defense analysts, and anyone interested in advanced weapon design and thermonuclear physics.

exet
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Hi there,

I have a question about the Teller–Ulam hydrogen bomb design. This will be a long post , but I hope someone can answer it for me.

When the first bombs were created, uranium device was simple enough to to figure out. Two sub critical masses of u-235 joined at... I think it was 3000 feet per second to create a critical mass. I think from what I read tungsten carbide was use as a neutron reflector to get the reaction going to achieve an explosion. Correct me if I am wrong.

The second bomb they dropped was a plutonium bomb. This gets a little complicated. From what I have read / watched, the plutonium was in a hollow sphere, because p-239 will fizzle if brought to critical mass. They then took high explosives and compressed the the sphere of plutonium to critical mass. Not sure if a tamper was needed. (correct me if I am wrong but I think a tamper is a neutron reflector)

Anyway the to designs worked, but along comes the hydrogen bomb. The way I think this works is as folllows: plutonium atom bomb goes off, which is very hot turning the polystyrene foam (basically styrofoam) into a plasma which in turn with the xrays given off sets the hydrogen fusion device to go off.

So basically I am just wondering with the ICBM MIRVS, do they still use the implosion technique, or do they use a neutron generator to set off the plutonium device, and if so do they use a tamper.

Thanks for taking a look at this. I am very tired and am going to go to bed now, but I hope someone can answer this. I cannot find any information in documentaries, or on google.

Thank you.
 
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I would be surprised if the current ICBM designs weren't still classified...
 
Certain information about the W88 warhead was leaked to the press. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W88 has a graphic that should answer at least some of the questions in the OP.
 
Ahhhh so they still do use the explosives to start the fission reaction. Wonder how they fit that into a tiny MIRV.
 
bare sphere (unreflected) Pu critical mass is just about 6" dia. The oblate design is a little tighter about the middle.
 
exet said:
Ahhhh so they still do use the explosives to start the fission reaction. Wonder how they fit that into a tiny MIRV.

MIRV's aren't THAT small. And it doesn't take a huge amount of explosives to start the reaction. See here for a size comparison: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/W87_MIRV.jpg
 

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