Infrared cameras and IR sensors

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the cost differences between infrared (thermal) cameras and infrared sensors, exploring the technical and material factors that contribute to the pricing of thermal imaging technology.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that infrared cameras are expensive due to the need for imaging arrays with many sensors, unlike inexpensive IR sensors used in devices like remote controls.
  • It is noted that the development of semiconductors for infrared cameras is costly, although manufacturing costs can be low with high volume.
  • Participants mention that infrared imaging arrays are made from expensive materials for technical reasons, which contributes to the overall cost.
  • One participant proposes that a low-resolution thermal camera could be constructed using several infrared sensors sensitive to human body emission wavelengths.
  • Another participant points out the necessity of an optical system that can focus images onto an array of infrared sensors, which may be challenging.
  • There is a mention of the high cost of lenses made from germanium, although a later reply provides a comparison of the current prices of germanium and gold, indicating that germanium is not as expensive as gold.
  • A participant shares information about a specific thermal camera for the iPhone 5/5S, noting its resolution and price range.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying views on the factors contributing to the cost of infrared cameras, with no consensus reached on the relative importance of each factor or the feasibility of low-resolution thermal cameras.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the technical requirements for infrared imaging and the materials used in lenses are discussed, but these remain unresolved and depend on specific applications and technologies.

fog37
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Hello Forum,

Why are infrared (thermal) cameras, those that produce interesting thermographs of objects, mapping their surface temperature, so expensive?

IR sensors are ubiquitous and very inexpensive...What is the difference?

thanks,
fog37
 
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fog37 said:
Hello Forum,

Why are infrared (thermal) cameras, those that produce interesting thermographs of objects, mapping their surface temperature, so expensive?

IR sensors are ubiquitous and very inexpensive...What is the difference?

thanks,
fog37

What IR sensors are ubiquitous and inexpensive? You mean like in a remote control? A camera needs an imaging array with many thousands or millions of IR sensors, not a single cheap sensor. The sensor in an infrared camera is similar to the imaging chip in a cell phone. Semiconductors are very expensive to develop but cheap to manufacture, so they are highly affected by volume. Also, infrared imaging arrays are made for technical reasons out of fancy, expensive materials (not silicon) so that is another reason for their cost.

Digital visible-light cameras used to be incredibly expensive but with volume the cost is very small. If infrared cameras were more popular and they sold in the 10s or 100s of millions believe me they would be very cheap too.
 
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analogdesign said:
What IR sensors are ubiquitous and inexpensive? You mean like in a remote control? A camera needs an imaging array with many thousands or millions of IR sensors, not a single cheap sensor. The sensor in an infrared camera is similar to the imaging chip in a cell phone. Semiconductors are very expensive to develop but cheap to manufacture, so they are highly affected by volume. Also, infrared imaging arrays are made for technical reasons out of fancy, expensive materials (not silicon) so that is another reason for their cost.

Digital visible-light cameras used to be incredibly expensive but with volume the cost is very small. If infrared cameras were more popular and they sold in the 10s or 100s of millions believe me they would be very cheap too.

and on top of all that, there's the electronics and firmware that does the processing of the information from the sensor to produce those interesting thermographs of objects, and mapping of their surface temperature etc

Dave
 
So, in principle, we could build a super-low resolution thermal camera using several infrared sensors, as long as they are sensitive to the infrared wavelengths (I guess around 10 micron) that the human body emits energy at.
 
You need an optical system that works for that wavelength. The infrared sensors in your remote control are big and it would be hard to get an image focused on an array of them.
 
I've also heard that "the lenses are made of Germanium which is more expensive per gram than Gold."
 
It's true that IR lenses can be made from germanium, but the current price of Ge is less than $2 per gram, compared with over $40 per gram for gold.
 
During the last few weeks this thermal camera for the iPhone 5/5S has become available.
Resolution is 80 x 60 pixels.
Price is between US$450 and US$550 on eBay.
http://www.flir.com/flirone/
 

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