Instantaneous current in stator of 3 phase IM

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the instantaneous current in the stator of a three-phase induction motor, specifically addressing the form of the current equation and its relationship to voltage and power calculations. Participants explore the implications of using sine versus cosine functions in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether the instantaneous current should be represented as Im.sin(ωt) instead of Im.cos(ωt), citing a common approach for voltage and power calculations.
  • Another participant asserts that the difference between sine and cosine is merely a matter of reference phase, indicating that they are essentially the same in terms of form.
  • A later reply reiterates the phase shift between sine and cosine, explaining that using either function will yield equivalent results when adjusted for phase. They provide an example involving an inductor to illustrate how current and voltage relate through phase shifts.
  • Participants emphasize the importance of understanding sine waves in AC electricity, noting that derivatives and integrals of sine waves also yield sine waves with phase shifts.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the preferred representation of instantaneous current, with some supporting the use of cosine and others advocating for sine. The discussion remains unresolved regarding which form is more appropriate in this context.

Contextual Notes

There is a lack of consensus on the implications of using sine versus cosine in the equations, and participants do not fully explore the assumptions underlying their claims. The discussion also does not clarify the specific context in which one form may be favored over the other.

rishi kesh
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I am studying induction motors and i have equation for instantaneous value of current flowing in each phases.(please check to image below).I can see that its it the form Im.cosωt
But isn't it supposed to be Im.sinωt ?because that's how we find all instantaneous parameters like voltage and power.we have homework regarding the same. Please explain it carefully considering I am first year engineering student.
 

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The only difference between sin and cos is the reference phase (what we call angle zero). So if you are talking about the "form", sin and cos are the same thing.
 
anorlunda said:
The only difference between sin and cos is the reference phase (what we call angle zero). So if you are talking about the "form", sin and cos are the same thing.
Please explain this to me in more detail if possible.sorry for inconvinience.
 
rishi kesh said:
I can see that its it the form Im.cosωt
But isn't it supposed to be Im.sinωt ?because that's how we find all instantaneous parameters like voltage and power.
As anorlunda said, they are just shifted by 90 degrees. It doesn't make any difference if you use cos instead of sine. All the other equations will change accordingly.
For example, if the current through an inductor is Imsin(ωt), the voltage across the inductor will be Ldi/dt=ωLImcos(ωt). Here the current is lagging the voltage by 90° (which is expected.)
If the current were Imcos(ωt), the voltage across the inductor would be -ωLImsin(ωt). The current still lags the voltage by 90° .

Work out some examples on your own and you'd realize the importance of sine wave in ac electricity. The derivatives and integrals of a sine wave are also sine waves with a phase-shift (cos is sine with 90 degrees phase shift). This important property simplifies the math required to analyse ac circuits. (Although it "simplifies" the math, it's called "complex" analysis:wink:).
 
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