Integral- Without using integration technnique

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on solving the integral \(\int \tan(t) \sec^3(t) dt\) without employing traditional integration techniques such as substitution or integration by parts. Participants highlight that this integral is not elementary, meaning it cannot be expressed in terms of basic functions like sine or cosine. A hint is provided suggesting the use of the substitution \(u = \sec(t)\), which leads to a potential solution involving the expression \(\frac{1}{3} \sec^3(t) + C\). However, the consensus is that some form of integration technique is necessary to arrive at a solution.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of trigonometric functions, specifically \(\tan(t)\) and \(\sec(t)\).
  • Familiarity with integral calculus concepts, including integration techniques.
  • Knowledge of the power rule for integration.
  • Basic understanding of elementary functions and their derivatives.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties and applications of trigonometric integrals.
  • Learn about advanced integration techniques, including substitution and integration by parts.
  • Explore the concept of elementary vs. non-elementary integrals.
  • Investigate the use of integration tables for solving complex integrals.
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in calculus, mathematicians exploring advanced integration techniques, and anyone interested in understanding the limitations of solving integrals without traditional methods.

Chipset3600
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Hello MHB, how can i solve this without use integration technniques...

\int tan(t)sec^3(t)dt
 
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Re: Integral- Without use integration technnique

Chipset3600 said:
Hello MHB, how can i solve this without use integration technniques...

\int tan(t)sec^3(t)dt

How do you mean "without using integration techniques"? Surely you need integration techniques to solve an integral? Also what have you tried?

Hint: Let $u = \sec(t) = \frac{1}{\cos(t)}$
 
Re: Integral- Without use integration technnique

SuperSonic4 said:
How do you mean "without using integration techniques"? Surely you need integration techniques to solve an integral? Also what have you tried?

Hint: Let $u = \sec(t) = \frac{1}{\cos(t)}$

I mean without: substitution, integration by parts...
 
Re: Integral- Without use integration technnique

I'm not sure that is possible, this is not an elementary integral (in the sense that it is the derivative of an elementary function, such as $\cos x$, $\sin x$, $\tan x$ and so on).
 
Re: Integral- Without use integration technnique

Hello, Chipset3600!

How can i solve this without use integration technniques?

. . \int \tan\theta \sec^3\!\theta\,d\theta
Well, maybe you can see all this?If we have: .f(x) \:=\:\tfrac{1}{3}\sec^3\!\theta + C

Then: .f'(x) \:=\:\tfrac{1}{3}\cdot 3\sec^2\!\theta\cdot\sec\theta\tan\theta + 0 \;=\;\tan\theta\sec^3\!\theta
 
Re: Integral- Without use integration technnique

soroban said:
Hello, Chipset3600!


Well, maybe you can see all this?If we have: .f(x) \:=\:\tfrac{1}{3}\sec^3\!\theta + C

Then: .f'(x) \:=\:\tfrac{1}{3}\cdot 3\sec^2\!\theta\cdot\sec\theta\tan\theta + 0 \;=\;\tan\theta\sec^3\!\theta

\int tan(t).sec^3(t)dt = \int sec^2(t).sec(t).tan(t)dtUsing the power rule now:\frac{sec^3(t)}{3}+C
 
Re: Integral- Without use integration technnique

You don't have a polynomial to apply the power rule, at least not until you use substitution.
 

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