Interpreting QPSK Modulation Angles

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The discussion focuses on interpreting QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation angles, specifically the significance of red and yellow dots that do not align with the standard phase angles. The user inquires whether these dots correspond to 45 degrees and -45 degrees or 135 degrees and 45 degrees. It is established that such points typically arise under conditions of low SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) or signal corruption, suggesting they are likely invalid. A basic decoder would assign these points to the nearest valid phase angle, but this process may result in symbol errors.

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fran1942
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Hello, I have attached a diagram of QPSK modulation angles. I was wondering how would the red and yellow dots be interpreted.
Those dots are not exactly on either of the 4 different phase angles. But I understand QPSK has a discrimination of 90 degrees so would the red equate to 45 degrees and the yellow to -45 degrees ? Is that how it works or would the red equate to 135 degrees and the yellow to 45 degrees ?

Thanks for confirmation.
 

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Points at these locations only occur when the SNR is abnormally low or there is some kind of corruption, indicating that they are probably not valid. A simple decoder would assign them to the closest location, but it is likely that they will give symbol errors.
 

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