I Interpreting solar event flux units

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To calculate the number of protons striking a 1 m² surface area during a solar event, the relevant units are #/(cm² s sr). The solid angle for a surface facing the sun is approximately 2π steradians, which is used to estimate the proton flux. The proton flux should be multiplied by both the area in cm² and the solid angle in steradians to find the total number of protons per second. It's noted that the incoming proton number is not isotropic, and the assumption of a half-space detection may lead to an overestimation of exposure for astronauts. This approach provides a reasonable estimate for assessing potential danger during solar events.
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Hi,

I wanted to find the number of protons striking a surface area during a solar event and the units provided are: #/(cm^2 s sr). Say I have a 1 m^2 surface area directly facing the sun, how do I use those units to discover the number of protons/s. What is the value of the solid angle to plug into the units above?
 
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SteveA001 said:
Hi,

I wanted to find the number of protons striking a surface area during a solar event and the units provided are: #/(cm^2 s sr). Say I have a 1 m^2 surface area directly facing the sun, how do I use those units to discover the number of protons/s. What is the value of the solid angle to plug into the units above?
Hello Steve,
:welcome: ##\qquad## !​

You probably mean photons instead of protons :wink: (*) ?

And now you want to find out how many steradians there are in 1 m2 at a distance of sun-earth.

Does it help to know that a solid angle for a whole sphere is 4 ##\pi## steradians ?

(*) [edit] unless I am mistaken -- in which case: do you have a link to the source that provides more context ?

##\ ##
 
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BvU said:
You probably mean photons instead of protons :wink: (*) ?
Oh, good point. I was about to move this thread from the Optics forum to the Classical Physics forum, but I guess I should wait for the OP to respond...
 
I meant proton flux, sorry if my question is in the wrong section. Why is proton flux given in units of particles cm-2 s-1 sr-1 and not just as particles cm-2 s-1. [A search on "solar flare proton flux" returns pages using those units as the top search results]. Given those tricky units, what is the solid angle? I'm now suspecting that cm2 sr is the same as cm^2 for general purposes, with the steradian definition being a more formal definition of the cross-sectional area of a unit sphere. Just guessing though.
 
SteveA001 said:
I'm now suspecting that cm2 sr is the same as cm^2 for general purposes, with the steradian definition being a more formal definition of the cross-sectional area of a unit sphere. Just guessing though.
To get an actual number one must
  1. multiply by the area of the detector in cm2
  2. multiply by the acceptance solid angle of the detector in steradians
A one steradian cone has a central axis angle of ~33 degrees.

So operationally the 1 cm2 and 1 steradian detector probably provides a good starting guess
 
I just wanted to know the number of protons hitting a 1 m^2 surface. Is the solid angle of such a 'detector', which is facing directly towards the sun, 2 PI steradians? If so, the answer I want is the particle number they give for proton flux (cm-2 s-1 sr-1) should be multiplied by 2 PI and area? My interest is more in the danger to astronauts than detectors.
 
In fact the incoming proton number is not isotropic and the quoted number is probably a max. The assumption of (half space) 2pi "detection" by the astronaut will therefore overestimate the exposure somewhat but is a reasonable estimate. Heck this ain't rocket science...wait
 
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Ok, multiplying by 3 or so it is, for rough purposes. Thanks for your help.
 
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Report back if this is horribly wrong!
 
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