MHB Is every $S^{-1}R$-module flat?

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    2016
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If every $R$-module is flat, then every $S^{-1}R$-module is also flat when $S$ is a multiplicatively closed subset of the commutative ring $R$. The discussion revolves around proving this implication, emphasizing the properties of flat modules and localization. The problem remains unanswered by participants, indicating a lack of engagement or understanding of the topic. A solution has been provided by the original poster, which can be referenced for clarity. The exploration of this mathematical concept highlights the interconnectedness of module theory and localization in ring theory.
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Let $R$ be a commutative ring with unity. Show that if $S$ is multiplicatively closed in $R$ and if every $R$-module is flat, then every $S^{-1}R$-module is flat.

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No one answered this week's problem. You can read my solution below.
Let $0 \to M' \to M \to M'' \to 0$ be a short exact sequence of $S^{-1}R$-modules. Given an $S^{-1}R$-module $X$, let $_RX$ be $X$ viewed as an $R$-module by restriction of scalars via the map $R \to S^{-1}R$, $r \to r/1$. There is an $S^{-1}R$-isomorphism $S^{-1}{}_RX \approx X$. Now, given an $S^{-1}R$-module $N$, $_RN$ is by hypothesis a flat $R$-module. Tensoring the exact sequence $0 \to {}_RM' \to {}_RM \to _RM'' \to 0$ with $_RN$ yields the exact sequence $0 \to {}_RM' \otimes_R {}_RN \to _RM \to {}_RM'' \otimes_R {}_RN \to 0$. Exactness of $S^{-1}$ produces the exact sequence $0 \to S^{-1}(_RM' \otimes_R {}_RN) \to S^{-1}({}_RM \otimes_R {}_RN) \to S^{-1}({}_RM'' \otimes_R {}_RN) \to 0$, which in turn yields the sequence $$0 \to S^{-1}{}_RM' \otimes_{S^{-1}R} S^{-1}{}_RN \to S^{-1}{}_RM \otimes_{S^{-1}R} S^{-1}{}_RN \to S^{-1}{}_RM'' \otimes_{S^{-1}R} S^{-1}{}_RN \to 0.$$ Thus, we obtain the exact sequence $$0 \to M' \otimes_{S^{-1}R} N \to M \otimes_{S^{-1}R} N \to M'' \otimes_{S^{-1}R} N \to 0.$$ Consequently, $N$ is a flat $S^{-1}R$-module.