Is Quantum Measurement Projective in GHZ States?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the measurement of two Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states of qubits, specifically examining the outcome of measuring qubits A and D in the Bell basis. The total state is represented as |GHZ⟩_{ABCDEF} = |GHZ⟩_{ABC} |GHZ⟩_{DEF}. The projector operator for the measurement is |Bell⟩⟨Bell|_{AD}, leading to the conclusion that the state of qubits B, C, E, and F is projected to |Ψ⁺⟩_{BCEF}. The confusion arises around the application of the projector and the resulting state, indicating a need for clarity on the measurement process.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states
  • Familiarity with Bell states and their properties
  • Knowledge of quantum measurement theory
  • Basic proficiency in quantum mechanics notation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of quantum measurement on entangled states
  • Learn about the mathematical formalism of projector operators in quantum mechanics
  • Explore the concept of entanglement in multi-qubit systems
  • Investigate the role of Bell basis measurements in quantum information theory
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Quantum physicists, students of quantum mechanics, and researchers interested in quantum entanglement and measurement theory will benefit from this discussion.

neu
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Homework Statement



Have two Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states of qubits A, B, C and
D, E, F as follows:

[tex]\mid GHZ \rangle_{ABC} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \left( \mid 0 \rangle_{A}\mid 0 \rangle_{B}\mid 0 \rangle_{C} + \mid 1 \rangle_{A}\mid 1 \rangle_{B}\mid 1 \rangle_{C}\right)[/tex]

and

[tex]\mid GHZ \rangle_{DEF} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \left( \mid 0 \rangle_{D}\mid 0 \rangle_{E}\mid 0 \rangle_{F} + \mid 1 \rangle_{D}\mid 1 \rangle_{E}\mid 1 \rangle_{F}\right)[/tex]

If you perform a measurement in the Bell basis on the qubits A and D, and obtain
the outcome: [tex]\mid \Psi^{+} \rangle_{AD} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \left(\mid 0 \rangle_{A}\mid 1 \rangle_{D} + \mid 1 \rangle_{A}\mid 0 \rangle_{D}\right)[/tex]

Write down the state to which qubits B, C, D and F are projected?

Attempted Solution

Total state is : [tex]\mid GHZ \rangle_{ABCDEF}= \mid GHZ \rangle_{ABC} \mid GHZ \rangle_{DEF}[/tex]

Projector operator for measurement of A and D is [tex]\mid Bell \rangle \langle Bell \mid_{AD}[/tex]

so [tex]\mid Bell \rangle \langle Bell \mid_{AD} \mid GHZ \rangle_{ABCDEF} = \mid Bell \rangle_{AD} \mid \Psi^{+} \rangle_{AD} \mid \Psi^{+} \rangle_{BCEF}[/tex]; is this right?

Here I get confused. I think the method is simply:

[tex]\langle \Psi^{+} \mid_{AD}\mid GHZ \rangle_{ABCDEF} = \mid \Psi^{+} \rangle_{BCEF}[/tex]

But if so, why?
 
Last edited:
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one bump then I'll give up.

I'm still stuck on this one, no takers?
 

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