Is the growth of black holes paradoxical?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of black holes, particularly focusing on their growth mechanisms and the implications of gravitational time dilation. Participants explore theoretical concepts related to black hole event horizons, the ingestion of matter, and the potential internal structure of black holes.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant argues that black holes cannot grow by "ingestion" due to gravitational time dilation, suggesting that no particle with mass can reach the event horizon.
  • Another participant challenges this claim, stating that an infalling particle will reach the horizon in a finite time according to its own clock, thus disputing the assertion that mass cannot cross the event horizon.
  • The first participant proposes a model where black holes could consist of multiple event horizon shells, each partitioning their contents from the accessible universe, which could allow for a complex internal structure.
  • The second participant refutes the idea of multiple event horizons, asserting that a black hole has a single event horizon and that merging black holes result in a single horizon.
  • The first participant suggests that the concept of Hawking radiation could lead to inner shells becoming visible again, potentially addressing the "missing data" conundrum.
  • Discussions include the implications of crossing the event horizon, with one participant questioning the narrative that passengers would not notice crossing it, while the other clarifies that local observations would not indicate this crossing.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the mechanisms of black hole growth and the nature of event horizons, with no consensus reached on these points. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the internal structure of black holes and the implications of gravitational effects.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference the Schwarzschild time coordinate and its implications, but there are unresolved assumptions regarding its physical meaning and the nature of event horizons. The discussion also touches on the concept of the infinite mass paradox without a clear definition provided.

  • #31
Lino said:
I also understand that for the expanding horizon scenario the distant observer could detect photons at lower and lower frequency ... but I would have assumed for a finite period of time.

(I hope that this doesn't add confusion, but it strikes me like a "radioactive half life" problem: in that (for the distant observer) the time for the horizon to move to the new location appears infinite, but the time taken for the horizon to reach half way (i.e. the location of the astronaut) can be measured specifically.)

Not really. The distant observer can't see the horizon at all; light emitted outward at the horizon stays at the horizon. So the distant observer can't see the horizon "move" either.

Here's a way to illustrate what's going on. Suppose there are *three* astronauts. One, astronaut A, free-falls into the hole when it's at its original mass (with a smaller horizon). The second, astronaut B, is hovering at a radius halfway between the old (smaller) and the new (larger) horizon radius; the third, astronaut C, free-falls into the hole after it's reached its new mass (with a larger horizon). Then the distant observer will see all three astronauts' light signals get more and more redshifted and take longer and longer to get to him. But he will see this happen first to astronaut A, then to astronaut B, and finally to astronaut C.
 
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  • #32
Much appreciated Peter.

Regards,

Noel.
 

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