Is this correct reasoning? Questions on the physics of pneumatic spud gun.

In summary, the conversation discusses building a pneumatic spud gun and the importance of considering the volume and shape of the muzzle/barrel and projectile for optimal muzzle velocity. The diameter of the muzzle should be fitted to the projectile to maximize the force from rapidly expanding gas. The length of the muzzle should also be considered to utilize all pressure differences. The cylindrical projectile is more ideal for maximum muzzle velocity due to its perpendicular surface, but may face more air resistance. Friction and air resistance should also be taken into account. The ideal design for the projectile would be similar to a bullet, with a flat surface, thin edge, and pointed shape to minimize friction and air resistance. The conversation also acknowledges that there are ideal assumptions and compromises to be made
  • #1
Comfort_Cube
7
0
I'm building a pneumatic spud gun, and am thinking about the volume of the muzzle/barrel. It will be cylindrical (a pvc pipe). The projectile will either be a spherical or cylindrical object (same mass). The muzzle will be connected to the air chamber via a sprinkler valve. So, the aim in this case is to get optimal muzzle velocity.
In relation to volume (and this is where my question relates), the diameter should be exactly fitting the diameter of the projectile, so that as much as possible, the pressure coming from the rapidly expanding gas is directed towards the surface area of the side facing the incoming air. As for the length, the muzzle should be long enough to make use of all the pressure difference, because as the projectile is moving towards the end of the muzzle, the total volume being occupied by the air (volume of chamber + volume so far of muzzle) is increasing and the pressure would be decreasing - Boyle's law. The pressure will continue to decrease until it reaches the pressure within the chamber before the loading of the air into it (until all the pressure difference is accounted for).
As for the projectile, the cylindrical projectile will have the higher muzzle velocity because the side facing the incoming air is completely perpendicular to the velocity of the incoming air, whereas, for the sphere, the side facing the air has only one point that is perpendicular to the velocity of the incoming air, and the rest will be angled, and so the force in the direction of the muzzle will be less than what it would be if the surface were completely perpendicular. However, because the cylindrical projectile will face more air resistance - for the same reason it has a faster muzzle velocity - the total distance covered at some point will be equal to the spherical projectile, and beyond that, less, and before that, more, assuming that both projectiles stay long enough in the air to experience that.
That's what I've got so far from the physics of it. This is just through thinking, so "is this correct reasoning?" I'm not really familiar with the actual mechanics of it, so if you could also give some of the equations describing all this, that would be good.
 
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  • #2
Ow God. I forgot to take into account friction... The sphere will have less friction that the cylinder (unless the cylinder was just one point thick), so really, the net force in the direction of the muzzle would be something like (varying force of air pressure) - (friction + air resistance). So again, at some point, the cylinder will be equal in muzzle velocity to the sphere, and beyond that, it will be less, and before, more.
 
  • #3
Ow, and also, there are a lot of ideal set ups assumed here in this situation, so if you can also highlight what those are, that'd be great too.
 
  • #4
Ow wow! I think I got it! The optimal design for the projectile will be something like a bullet! Maximum use of force from the air expansion by the flat surface on one side, minimum friction by making an incredibly thin edge, and minimum air resistance by the other surface by making it pointed and round-ish. It would also be a compromise of all that stuff along with manufacturing processes and materials. Cool.
 

1. Is a pneumatic spud gun considered a type of air gun?

Yes, a pneumatic spud gun operates using compressed air, making it a type of air gun.

2. What is the physics behind how a pneumatic spud gun works?

A pneumatic spud gun uses Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, to propel the spud forward. When the air is compressed in the chamber, the pressure increases, and upon releasing the valve, the air rushes out, pushing the spud out of the gun.

3. Can a pneumatic spud gun be dangerous?

Yes, a pneumatic spud gun can be dangerous if not used properly. The compressed air can cause serious injury if it comes into contact with a person, and the spud can also cause harm if it hits someone. It is important to always follow safety precautions when using a pneumatic spud gun.

4. How far can a spud travel when shot from a pneumatic spud gun?

The distance a spud can travel depends on various factors, such as the amount of air pressure in the chamber, the weight and size of the spud, and any external factors like wind. On average, a pneumatic spud gun can shoot a spud up to 200 yards.

5. Is it legal to own and use a pneumatic spud gun?

The legality of owning and using a pneumatic spud gun varies depending on location. In some places, it may be considered a firearm and require a license, while in others it may be legal without any restrictions. It is important to research and follow all laws and regulations before owning and using a pneumatic spud gun.

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